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Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride is the chloride salt coordination complex with the formula [Ru(bpy) 3]Cl 2.This polypyridine complex is a red crystalline salt obtained as the hexahydrate, although all of the properties of interest are in the cation [Ru(bpy) 3] 2+, which has received much attention because of its distinctive optical properties.
In the "tris(bipy) complexes" three bipyridine molecules coordinate to a metal ion, written as [M(bipy) 3] n+ (M = metal ion; Cr, Fe, Co, Ru, Rh and so on). These complexes have six-coordinated, octahedral structures and exists as enantiomeric pairs: These and other homoleptic tris-2,2′-bipy complexes of many transition metals are
For example, electron donation, electron withdrawal, and π-conjugating groups, to the polypyridine moiety. The MLCT absorption band can be shifted, the emission wavelength can be changed, and the emission lifetime can be extended. [2] Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) is the preeminent example of a polypyridine complex.
2,2′-Bipyridine (bipy or bpy, pronounced / ˈ b ɪ p iː /) is an organic compound with the formula (C 5 H 4 N) 2. This colorless solid is an important isomer of the bipyridine family. It is a bidentate chelating ligand, forming complexes with many transition metals. Ruthenium and platinum complexes of bipy exhibit intense luminescence. [1]
For the common photosensitizer, tris-(2,2’-bipyridyl)ruthenium (abbreviated as [Ru(bipy) 3] 2+ or [Ru(bpy) 3] 2+), the lifetime of the triplet excited state is approximately 1100 ns. This lifetime is sufficient for other relaxation pathways (specifically, electron-transfer pathways) to occur before decay of the catalyst to its ground state.
As an approximate rule, electron configurations are given by the Aufbau principle and the Madelung rule. However there are numerous exceptions; for example the lightest exception is chromium, which would be predicted to have the configuration 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 4 4s 2 , written as [Ar] 3d 4 4s 2 , but whose actual configuration given ...
Configurations of elements 109 and above are not available. Predictions from reliable sources have been used for these elements. Grayed out electron numbers indicate subshells filled to their maximum. Bracketed noble gas symbols on the left represent inner configurations that are the same in each period. Written out, these are: He, 2, helium : 1s 2
Pyridine is a weak pi-acceptor ligand. Trends in the M-N distances for complexes of the type [MCl 2 (py) 4] 2+ reveal an anticorrelation with d-electron count. [2] Few low-valent metal complexes of pyridines are known. The role of pyridine as a Lewis base extends also to main group chemistry.