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Lampbrush chromosome. Lampbrush chromosome are a special form of chromosome found in the growing oocytes (immature eggs) of most animals, except mammals. They were first described by Walther Flemming and Ruckert in 1882. [1] Lampbrush chromosomes of tailed and tailless amphibians, birds and insects are described best of all.
Although found all across the lampbrush chromosome, they are not organized in a clear pattern along as they are in normal pachytene chromosomes of meiosis. [2] [5] The two sister chromatids of a lampbrush chromosome separate fully, forming lateral loops that extend from chromomeres, and act as transcription complexes. The lateral loops are ...
Lampbrush chromosome from the cell nucleus of an ovarial egg from Triton sp., a salamander. Harold Garnet Callan FRS FRSE (15 March 1917, in Maidenhead – 3 November 1993), [1] known as Mick Callan, was an English zoologist and cytologist. [2] He is especially remembered for his work on Lampbrush chromosomes.
Although its significance for genetics and for cell biology was still to be discovered, these filaments were known to be involved in the phenomenon of cell division discovered by Flemming, named mitosis, as well as in meiosis. He coined in 1888 the term "chromosome" to describe them. [1] [2]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 8 February 2025. DNA molecule containing genetic material of a cell This article is about the DNA molecule. For the genetic algorithm, see Chromosome (genetic algorithm). Chromosome (10 7 - 10 10 bp) DNA Gene (10 3 - 10 6 bp) Function A chromosome and its packaged long strand of DNA unraveled. The DNA's ...
Human chromosomes (grey) capped by telomeres (white). A telomere (/ ˈ t ɛ l ə m ɪər, ˈ t iː l ə-/; from Ancient Greek τέλος (télos) 'end' and μέρος (méros) 'part') is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences associated with specialized proteins at the ends of linear chromosomes (see Sequences).
The physical role of the centromere is to act as the site of assembly of the kinetochores – a highly complex multiprotein structure that is responsible for the actual events of chromosome segregation – i.e. binding microtubules and signaling to the cell cycle machinery when all chromosomes have adopted correct attachments to the spindle, so ...
Schematic karyogram showing the human genome, with 23 chromosome pairs, and the human mitochondrial genome to scale at bottom left (annotated "MT"). Its genome is relatively tiny compared to the rest, and its copy number per human cell varies from 0 (erythrocytes) [1] up to 1,500,000 . [2