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Nerve compression syndrome, or compression neuropathy, or nerve entrapment syndrome, is a medical condition caused by chronic, direct pressure on a peripheral nerve. [1] It is known colloquially as a trapped nerve, though this may also refer to nerve root compression (by a herniated disc, for example).
Patients with PAES mainly present with intermittent feet and calf pain associated with exercises and relieved with rest. [3] PAES can be diagnosed with a combination of medical history, physical examination, and advanced imaging modalities such as duplex ultrasound , computer tomography , or magnetic resonance angiography .
Sciatica is pain going down the leg from the lower back. [1] This pain may go down the back, outside, or front of the leg. [3] Onset is often sudden following activities such as heavy lifting, though gradual onset may also occur. [5] The pain is often described as shooting. [1] Typically, symptoms are only on one side of the body. [3]
The sciatic nerve supplies sensation to the skin of the foot, as well as the entire lower leg (except for its inner side). Sensation to skin to the sole of the foot is provided by the tibial nerve, and the lower leg and upper surface of the foot via the common fibular nerve. [2]: 422–4 The sciatic nerve also innervates muscles.
Along with the soleus muscle, the gastrocnemius forms half of the calf muscle. Its function is plantar flexing the foot at the ankle joint and flexing the leg at the knee joint. The gastrocnemius is primarily involved in running, jumping and other "fast" movements of leg, and to a lesser degree in walking and standing.
Intermittent claudication is a symptom and is by definition diagnosed by a patient reporting a history of leg pain with walking relieved by rest. However, as other conditions such as sciatica can mimic intermittent claudication, testing is often performed to confirm the diagnosis of peripheral artery disease. [citation needed]
The calf muscles are your “second heart,” squeezing veins in the lower legs to help return deoxygenated blood from the feet back up towards the chest, the Cleveland Clinic notes.
The pain is usually located in the calf muscles of the affected leg and is relieved by rest. [30] This occurs because during exercise, the muscles require more oxygen . Normally, the arteries would be able to increase the amount of blood flow and therefore increase the amount of oxygen going to the exercised muscle.