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  2. Transcription (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_(biology)

    Both DNA and RNA are nucleic acids, which use base pairs of nucleotides as a complementary language. During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary, antiparallel RNA strand called a primary transcript. In virology, the term transcription is used when referring to mRNA synthesis from a viral RNA ...

  3. Transcription - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription

    Transcription (biology), the copying of DNA into RNA, often the first step in gene expression Abortive transcription, the generation of very short RNA transcripts which are not used and rapidly degraded; Bacterial transcription, the generation of RNA transcripts of the genetic material in bacteria

  4. Primary transcript - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_transcript

    The primary transcripts designated to be mRNAs are modified in preparation for translation. For example, a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) is a type of primary transcript that becomes a messenger RNA (mRNA) after processing. Pre-mRNA is synthesized from a DNA template in the cell nucleus by transcription. Pre-mRNA comprises the bulk of heterogeneous ...

  5. Eukaryotic transcription - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_transcription

    RNA polymerase I (Pol I) catalyses the transcription of all rRNA genes except 5S. [3] [4] These rRNA genes are organised into a single transcriptional unit and are transcribed into a continuous transcript. This precursor is then processed into three rRNAs: 18S, 5.8S, and 28S.

  6. Transcriptome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcriptome

    Since mRNA is the species of interest and it represents only 3% of its total content, the RNA sample should be treated to remove rRNA and tRNA and tissue-specific RNA transcripts. [23] The step of library preparation with the aim of producing short cDNA fragments, begins with RNA fragmentation to transcripts in length between 50 and 300 base pairs.

  7. Messenger RNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messenger_RNA

    A 5' cap (also termed an RNA cap, an RNA 7-methylguanosine cap, or an RNA m 7 G cap) is a modified guanine nucleotide that has been added to the "front" or 5' end of a eukaryotic messenger RNA shortly after the start of transcription. The 5' cap consists of a terminal 7-methylguanosine residue that is linked through a 5'-5'-triphosphate bond to ...

  8. Bacterial transcription - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_transcription

    RNA polymerase is composed of a core and a holoenzyme structure. The core enzymes contains the catalytic properties of RNA polymerase and is made up of ββ′α2ω subunits. This sequence is conserved across all bacterial species. The holoenzyme is composed of a specific component known as the sigma factor (σ-factor). The sigma factor ...

  9. Transcriptome-wide association study - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcriptome-wide...

    A transcriptome is the sum of all RNA transcripts that are present in a given cell, tissue, or organ within an organism. Transcriptomes include both mRNA, which functions as an intermediate to the central dogma; as well as noncoding RNAs that may play other roles in protein synthesis. [5]