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A coloring book page with a mandala motif. Art therapists and other professionals use art-based assessments to evaluate emotional, cognitive, and developmental conditions. The first drawing assessment for psychological purposes was created in 1906 by German psychiatrist Fritz Mohr. [66]
The text includes spells, a list of benefits by its recitation, and the ritual instructions on how and when to use it. In the Buddhist tradition, each of the "Five" protections that are mentioned in the Pañcarakṣā are Buddhist deities (goddesses). [2] [3] [4] The five protective dhāraṇī-goddesses are: [1]
Margaret Naumburg is credited with introducing art as a therapeutic modality in the 1940s.< [3] Between 1941 and 1947 Naumburg worked at the New York State Psychiatric Institute with adults and children. She later published a series of case studies where she used art for diagnosis and therapy in the institution.
As such, the use of comic book therapy as well as its functions have expanded as well. Today, comic books and graphic novels alike are being implemented in a variety of clinical and educational settings, likely due to its efforts in serving a variety of needs for a diverse target audience. [13] Comic book therapies can serve multiple purposes.
The Womb Realm maṇḍala used in Śubhakarasiṃha's teachings from the Mahavairocana Tantra. Vairocana is located in the center. According to Charles D. Orzech and Henrik H. Sørensen, "Buddhist practice involving the use of mudra, mantra and mandala are often regarded as the primary hallmarks of esoteric Buddhism."
To use tantric terminology, the leader expands the boundaries of the mandala, the private society of his personal students who share the initiatory mysteries, to the entire nation. This was the theory of the relationship between religion and society that Trungpa Rinpoche elaborated in the West.
Empowerment includes introducing the student to a specific mandala (which may be made from flowers, colored powders, grains, paint and a mental mandala). [10] One is not allowed to practice tantra without having received the particular empowerment. [11] Some simpler mantra methods, such as reciting the mani mantra, are open to all however.
Bibliotherapy (also referred to as book therapy, reading therapy, poetry therapy or therapeutic storytelling) is a creative arts therapy that involves storytelling or the reading of specific texts. It uses an individual's relationship to the content of books and poetry and other written words as therapy .