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Euclid (/ ˈ j uː k l ɪ d /; Greek: Εὐκλείδης; fl. 300 BC) was an ancient Greek mathematician active as a geometer and logician. [2] Considered the "father of geometry", [3] he is chiefly known for the Elements treatise, which established the foundations of geometry that largely dominated the field until the early 19th century.
A Cartesian coordinates graph, using his invented x and y axes. One of Descartes' most enduring legacies was his development of Cartesian or analytic geometry, which uses algebra to describe geometry; the Cartesian coordinate system is named after him. He was first to assign a fundamental place for algebra in the system of knowledge, using it ...
Geometry (from the Ancient Greek: γεωμετρία; geo- "earth", -metron "measurement") began dealing with spatial relationships (possibly those of agricultural fields). Geometry was one of the two fields of ancient mathematics, the other being the study of numbers (arithmetic). Classic geometry was focused in compass and straightedge ...
Mathematical proof was revolutionized by Euclid (300 BCE), who introduced the axiomatic method still in use today. It starts with undefined terms and axioms, propositions concerning the undefined terms which are assumed to be self-evidently true (from Greek "axios", something worthy).
Euclidean geometry is a mathematical system attributed to ancient Greek mathematician Euclid, which he described in his textbook on geometry, Elements. Euclid's approach consists in assuming a small set of intuitively appealing axioms (postulates) and deducing many other propositions (theorems) from these. Although many of Euclid's results had ...
Isaac Barrow. Succeeded by. William Whiston. Signature. Sir Isaac Newton FRS (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27 [a]) was an English polymath active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author who was described in his time as a natural philosopher. [7] He was a key figure in the Scientific Revolution and the ...
Foundations of mathematics are the logical and mathematical framework that allows the development of mathematics without generating self-contradictory theories, and, in particular, to have reliable concepts of theorems, proofs, algorithms, etc. This may also include the philosophical study of the relation of this framework with reality.
Archimedes of Syracuse a (ˌɑːrkɪˈmiːdiːzAR-kim-EE-deez; 2 c.287 – c. 212BC) was an Ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and inventor from the ancient city of Syracuse in Sicily. 3 Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity.