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The Sortino ratio measures the risk-adjusted return of an investment asset, portfolio, or strategy. [1] It is a modification of the Sharpe ratio but penalizes only those returns falling below a user-specified target or required rate of return , while the Sharpe ratio penalizes both upside and downside volatility equally.
The upside-potential ratio is a measure of a return of an investment asset relative to the minimal acceptable return. The measurement allows a firm or individual to choose investments which have had relatively good upside performance, per unit of downside risk .
The following table shows that this ratio is demonstrably superior to the traditional Sharpe ratio as a means for ranking investment results. The table shows risk-adjusted ratios for several major indexes using both Sortino and Sharpe ratios. The data cover the five years 1992-1996 and are based on monthly total returns.
The standard form of the Omega ratio is a non-convex function, but it is possible to optimize a transformed version using linear programming. [4] To begin with, Kapsos et al. show that the Omega ratio of a portfolio is: = [() +] + The optimization problem that maximizes the Omega ratio is given by: [() +], (), =, The objective function is non-convex, so several ...
Black–Scholes formula. ... Sortino ratio; Omega ratio; Bias ratio; ... with a focus in Corporate Finance, Valuation and Investments. Updated Data, Excel Spreadsheets.
These downsides apply to all risk-adjusted return measures that are ratios (e.g., Sortino ratio, Treynor ratio, upside-potential ratio, etc.). M 2 has the enormous advantage that it is in units of percentage return, which is instantly interpretable by virtually all investors.
The SFRatio has a striking similarity to the Sharpe ratio. Thus for normally distributed returns, Roy's Safety-first criterion—with the minimum acceptable return equal to the risk-free rate—provides the same conclusions about which portfolio to invest in as if we were picking the one with the maximum Sharpe ratio.
Sharpe ratio; Signal-to-noise ratio; Signal-to-noise statistic; Sortino ratio; Standard score; Standardized moment; Standardized mortality ratio; Strikeout-to-walk ratio; Studentization; Studentized range; Studentized residual; Survival rate