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English scientist George Adams created a very similar backstaff at the same time. Adam's version ensured that the distance between the Flamsteed glass and horizon vane was the same as the distance from the vane to the sight vane. [8]
Martha Bradley (fl. 1740s – 1755) was a British cookery book writer. Little is known about her life, except that she published the cookery book The British Housewife (pictured) in 1756 and worked as a cook for more than 30 years in the fashionable spa town of Bath, Somerset.
In navigation the instrument is also called a cross-staff and was used to determine angles, for instance the angle between the horizon and Polaris or the sun to determine a vessel's latitude, or the angle between the top and bottom of an object to determine the distance to said object if its height is known, or the height of the object if its distance is known, or the horizontal angle between ...
4 Backstaff vs. cross staff. 1 comment. 5 External links modified. 1 comment. 6 External links modified. 1 comment. Toggle the table of contents. ... English. Read ...
Usually made of pear tree or boxwood, with an arch of 15° to 30°, [3] it is an example of a backstaff. This is a drawing of an almucantar staff. There are three vanes - the horizon vane (A), the shadow vane (B) and the sighting vane (C). The sun casts that shadow of a vane (B in the adjacent image) on a horizon vane (A). The horizon vane has ...
The backstaff, which measures the length of a shadow, was used from the 16th century and saw iterative improvements such as the Davis quadrant. These were in use in parallel with the octant and early sextant; the sextant eventually displaced the others, and is still used to this day.
The triangular frame at the top spans 60° as did the arc on the backstaff. The main graduated arc subtends 30° as in the backstaff. The 30° arc is graduated in degrees and sixths of a degree, that is, at ten-minute intervals. The sighting vane of the backstaff is replaced with a sight (called an eye vane [2]) mounted on the end of the index arm.
The son of Willem Fredrik Jacob Mörzer Bruyns, Sr. (1913–1996), a Dutch merchant mariner, and a naval officer (reserve), [1] the young Willem Mörzer Bruyns initially trained as navigation officer at the [Amsterdam Nautical College] (Hogere Zeevaartschool van het Zeemanshuis), Mörzer Bruyns sailed as a junior officer with the Amsterdam-based Netherland Line.