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Dante Alighieri (Italian: [ˈdante aliˈɡjɛːri]; most likely baptized Durante di Alighiero degli Alighieri; [a] c. May 1265 – September 14, 1321), widely known mononymously as Dante, [b] was an Italian [c] poet, writer, and philosopher. [7]
Beatrice "Bice" di Folco Portinari [1] (Italian: [beaˈtriːtʃe portiˈnaːri]; 1265 – 8 or 19 June 1290) was an Italian woman who has been commonly identified as the principal inspiration for Dante Alighieri's Vita Nuova, and is also identified with the Beatrice who acts as his guide in the last book of his narrative poem the Divine Comedy (La Divina Commedia), Paradiso, and during the ...
The Convivio is a major stage of development for Dante, very different from the visionary world of the Vita Nuova (although like the earlier work it too is a medium for the author’s evolving sense of artistic vocation and philosophical-spiritual quest).
Dante, poised between the mountain of purgatory and the city of Florence, a detail of a painting by Domenico di Michelino, Florence 1465.. The Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri is a long allegorical poem in three parts (or canticas): the Inferno (), Purgatorio (), and Paradiso (), and 100 cantos, with the Inferno having 34, Purgatorio having 33, and Paradiso having 33 cantos.
Dante gazes at Mount Purgatory in an allegorical portrait by Agnolo Bronzino, painted c. 1530. The Divine Comedy is composed of 14,233 lines that are divided into three cantiche (singular cantica) – Inferno (), Purgatorio (), and Paradiso () – each consisting of 33 cantos (Italian plural canti).
The poem was written in the early 14th century. It is an allegory telling of the climb of Dante up the Mount of Purgatory, guided by the Roman poet Virgil—except for the last four cantos, at which point Beatrice takes over as Dante's guide. Allegorically, Purgatorio represents the penitent Christian life. [1]
Dante's orderly hell is a representation of the structured universe created by God, one which forces its sinners to use "intelligence and understanding" to contemplate their purpose. [15] The nine-fold subdivision of hell is influenced by the Ptolemaic model of cosmology, which similarly divided the universe into nine concentric spheres.
Dante is depicted (bottom, centre) in Andrea di Bonaiuto's 1365 fresco Church Militant and Triumphant in the Santa Maria Novella church, Florence. In 1373, a little more than half a century after Dante's death, the Florentine authorities softened their attitude to him and decided to establish a department for the study of the Divine Comedy.