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Meckel's cartilage is a piece of cartilage from which the mandibles (lower jaws) of vertebrates evolved. Originally it was the lower of two cartilages which supported the first branchial arch in early fish. Then it grew longer and stronger, and acquired muscles capable of closing the developing jaw. [1]
The function of the sphenomandibular ligament is to limit distension of the mandible in an inferior direction. It is slack when the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is in closed position; it is taut when the condyle of the mandible is situated anterior to the temporomandibular ligament. [2]
The mandible forms as a bone (ossifies) from Meckel's cartilage, which forms the cartilaginous bar of the mandibular arch and, dorsally, parts of the middle ear. [15] The two sides of the jawbone are inferiorly fused at the mandibular symphysis (the chin) during the first year of life. [6]
The mandibular rostrum is connected to the Meckel's cartilage (lower jaw) by an unfused joint, with a single whorl of teeth positioned along the midline of the rostrum, near the point of contact with the lower jaw. Below the whorl, a keel of cartilage protrudes from the bottom of the rostrum.
Premaxilla, maxilla, mandible (only as a model for mandible not actual formation of mandible), zygomatic bone, part of the temporal bone, [19] the incus, and the malleus of the middle ear, also Meckel's cartilage and the sphenomandibular ligament. Trigeminal nerve (part of V2 [20] and V3) Maxillary artery, external carotid artery, Vidian artery
The mandible and lower lip derive from it. [1] The mesenchymal cells within the mandibular prominence condense to form Meckel's cartilage. [2]
The inferior alveolar nerve descends between the sphenomandibular ligament and the ramus of the mandible to gain access to the mandibular foramen. The sphenomandibular ligament, because of its attachment to the lingula, overlaps the opening of the foramen. It is a vestige of the embryonic lower jaw, Meckel cartilage.
It is found on the inside of the lower jaw , at the back behind the molar teeth. It is the hollow in which the postdentary bones and Meckel's cartilage sit. These bones form the middle ear in later mammal groups (see Evolution of mammalian auditory ossicles ); they include the incus ( quadrate ), malleus ( articular ), ectotympanic ( angular ...