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  2. Jewish secularism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_secularism

    The secular messages were spread by the modern Jewish schools and youth movements, which catered to hundreds of thousands of pupils. [ citation needed ] The logic of redefining the Jews as a modern nation was extended to the criteria for being a Jew, changing them to ethno-cultural markings.

  3. Torah Umadda - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah_Umadda

    Torah Umadda (/tɔːrɑ umɑdɑ/; Hebrew: תּוֹרָה וּמַדָּע, "Torah and knowledge") is a worldview in Orthodox Judaism concerning the relationship between the secular world and Judaism, and in particular between secular knowledge and Jewish religious knowledge.

  4. Jewish philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_philosophy

    Rabbi Yosef was a poet, religious scholar, rebuilder of Ibn Yahya Synagogue of Calatayud, well versed in rabbinic literature and in the learning of his time, devoting his early years to the study of Jewish philosophy. The Ibn Yahya family were renowned physicians, philosophers and accomplished aides to the Portuguese Monarchy for centuries.

  5. Rabbi trust - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabbi_trust

    An example of a rabbi trust applying where an employee receives compensation the taxation of which is deferrable is a nonqualified deferred compensation plan.. A rabbi trust may be applicable when one business purchases another business but wants to set aside part of the purchase price and defer payment as well as taxability to the payee upon the satisfaction of conditions to which both ...

  6. Jewish atheism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_atheism

    Jewish atheism [1] is the atheism of people who are ethnically and (at least to some extent) culturally Jewish. "Jewish atheism" is not a contradiction [2] because Jewish identity encompasses not only religious components but also ethnic and cultural ones.

  7. Humanistic Judaism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanistic_Judaism

    In its current form, Humanistic Judaism was founded in either 1963 [1] or 1965 [2] (sources differ) by American Rabbi Sherwin Wine. [1] [3] [4] As a rabbi trained in Reform Judaism with a small, secular, non-theistic congregation, he developed a Jewish liturgy that reflected his and his congregation's philosophical viewpoints by combining Jewish culture, history, and identity with humanistic ...

  8. Jewish principles of faith - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_principles_of_faith

    Jewish tradition mostly emphasizes free will, and most Jewish thinkers reject determinism, on the basis that free will and the exercise of free choice have been considered a precondition of moral life. [28] "Moral indeterminacy seems to be assumed both by the Bible, which bids man to choose between good and evil, and by the rabbis, who hold the ...

  9. Rabbinic authority - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabbinic_authority

    According to the passage, neither Rabbi Eliezer's attempts to use reason nor his use of miracles and divine voices are accepted by the rabbis. This passage is understood as the right of rabbinic authority over both the minority opinion as well as over divine authority (or that the Torah is "not in Heaven"). [9]