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Ancylostoma caninum is a species of nematode known as a hookworm, which principally infects the small intestine of dogs. [1] [2] [3] The result of A. caninum infection ranges from asymptomatic cases to death of the dog; better nourishment, increasing age, prior A. caninum exposure, or vaccination are all linked to improved survival.
In humans, treatment is by anthelminthic medications, such as albendazole and mebendazole. [13] Treatment in animals can be done with a variety of anthelminthics. [1] A high-protein diet, supplemental iron, or a blood transfusion may also be necessary. [1] Levamisole and pyrantel pamoate are also used to treat hookworm anemia and hookworm disease.
The disease usually does not manifest until the end of the first year of life and does not respond to antibiotic treatment. The simultaneous appearance of similar symptoms in the mother and her puppies is an indication of such an infection. Occasionally, seizure-like dyspnea may occur on exertion. For the most part, fever does not occur. [38]
According to Lawrence, hookworms and whipworms -- parasitic worms, or helminths, that take up residence in the intestine -- induce a subdued inflammatory response more effectively than modern ...
Treatment is typically with the medications albendazole or mebendazole for one to three days. Iron supplements may be needed in those with anemia. [3] Hookworms infected about 428 million people in 2015. [4] Heavy infections can occur in both children and adults, but are less common in adults. [2] They are rarely fatal. [6]
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