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The 2022–2023 mpox outbreak in the United Kingdom is part of the larger outbreak of human mpox caused by the West African clade (type) of the monkeypox virus.The United Kingdom was the first country, outside of the endemic African areas, to experience an outbreak.
The monkeypox virus is a zoonotic virus belonging to the genus Orthopoxvirus, which itself is a member of the family Poxviridae (also known as the poxvirus family). [9] Of note, the Orthopoxvirus genus includes the variola virus that prior to eradication via the advent of the smallpox vaccine, was the cause of the infectious human disease known as smallpox. [10]
On 1 June, a WHO statement acknowledged that undetected transmission had occurred for some time, [172] and called for urgent action to reduce transmission. [173] [174] On 14 June, the WHO announced plans to rename disease from monkeypox to mpox to combat stigma and racism surrounding the disease. [175]
This year, roughly 8,600 mpox cases have been reported in Congo, and 410 deaths, Cris Kacita, the doctor in charge of operations in the country's mpox control programme, told Reuters last week.
An epidemic of a new variant of clade I mpox (formerly known as monkeypox), called clade 1b, [2] began in Central Africa at least as early as September 2023. [3] [4] As of September 2024, more than 29,000 cases have been reported, with over 800 fatalities (~3% fatality rate), [1] nearly all in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. [5]
On 19 May, Belgium confirmed its first cases of mpox in two Belgian men, it was later confirmed by Reuters that the men had gone to the same party. [13] Later, Italy confirmed its first case of mpox in an Italian man in Rome, the man was isolated at the Spallanzani Hospital. The disease was likely contracted from a stay in the Canary Islands. [14]
A public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC / f eɪ k / FAYK) is a formal declaration by the World Health Organization (WHO) of "an extraordinary event which is determined to constitute a public health risk to other States through the international spread of disease and to potentially require a coordinated international response", formulated when a situation arises that is ...
Tecovirimat, sold under the brand name Tpoxx among others, [6] is an antiviral medication with activity against orthopoxviruses such as smallpox and mpox. [4] [7] [8] In 2018 it was the first antipoxviral drug approved in the United States. The drug works by blocking cellular transmission of orthopoxviruses, thus preventing disease. [9]