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A macroscopic electronic device, when scaled down to a meso-size, starts revealing quantum mechanical properties. For example, at the macroscopic level the conductance of a wire increases continuously with its diameter. However, at the mesoscopic level, the wire's conductance is quantized: the increases occur in discrete, or individual, whole ...
For example, the battery performance of mesoporous electroactive materials is significantly different from that of their bulk structure. [ 5 ] A procedure for producing mesoporous materials (silica) was patented around 1970, [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] and methods based on the Stöber process from 1968 [ 9 ] were still in use in 2015. [ 10 ]
Mesoporous silica is a form of silica that is characterised by its mesoporous structure, that is, having pores that range from 2 nm to 50 nm in diameter. According to IUPAC's terminology, mesoporosity sits between microporous (<2 nm) and macroporous (>50 nm). Mesoporous silica is a relatively recent development in nanotechnology.
These micelles form templates that help build up the mesoporous framework. For MCM-41 mostly cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is used. The surfactant first forms rod-like micelles that subsequently align into hexagonal arrays. After adding silica species these cover the rods.
Nanomanufacturing differs from molecular manufacturing, which is the manufacture of complex, nanoscale structures by means of nonbiological mechanosynthesis (and subsequent assembly). [1] The term "nanomanufacturing" is widely used, e.g. by the European Technology Platform MINAM [2] and the U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI). [3]
A nanostructure is a structure of intermediate size between microscopic and molecular structures. Nanostructural detail is microstructure at nanoscale. In describing nanostructures, it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions in the volume of an object which are on the nanoscale.
Nanomaterials research takes a materials science-based approach to nanotechnology, leveraging advances in materials metrology and synthesis which have been developed in support of microfabrication research. Materials with structure at the nanoscale often have unique optical, electronic, thermo-physical or mechanical properties. [2] [3] [4]
The host lattice provides structure for both the activator and sensitizer ions and acts as a medium that conducts energy transfer. This host lattice has to satisfy three requirements: low lattice phonon energies, high chemical stability, and low symmetry of the lattice. The major mechanism responsible for reduced upconversion is nonradiative ...
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