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The machine thus starts as an induction motor until it approaches synchronous speed, when the rotor "pulls in" and locks to the stator field. [19] Reluctance motor designs have ratings that range from fractional horsepower (a few watts) to about 22 kW. Small reluctance motors have low torque, and are generally used for instrumentation ...
Since rotation at synchronous speed does not induce rotor current, an induction motor always operates slightly slower than synchronous speed. The difference, or "slip," between actual and synchronous speed varies from about 0.5% to 5.0% for standard Design B torque curve induction motors. [ 30 ]
A linear induction motor (LIM) is an alternating current (AC), ... and n s is the synchronous speed of the magnetic field in revolutions per second.
A synchronous motor may have a squirrel-cage winding embedded in its rotor, used to increase the motor starting torque and so decrease the time to accelerate to synchronous speed. The squirrel cage winding of a synchronous machine will generally be smaller than for an induction machine of similar rating.
An induction generator produces electrical power when its rotor is turned faster than the synchronous speed. For a four-pole motor (two pairs of poles on stator) powered by a 60 Hz source, the synchronous speed is 1800 rotations per minute (rpm) and 1500 RPM powered at 50 Hz. The motor always turns slightly slower than the synchronous speed.
In vector control, an AC induction or synchronous motor is controlled under all operating conditions like a separately excited DC motor. [21] That is, the AC motor behaves like a DC motor in which the field flux linkage and armature flux linkage created by the respective field and armature (or torque component) currents are orthogonally aligned such that, when torque is controlled, the field ...
The two main types of AC motors are induction motors and synchronous motors. The induction motor (or asynchronous motor) always relies on a small difference in speed between the stator rotating magnetic field and the rotor shaft speed called slip to induce rotor current in the rotor AC winding. As a result, the induction motor cannot produce ...
Wound-rotor synchronous motor (WRSM) Synchronous speed Inherently more efficient induction motor, low power factor More costly Industrial motors Fixed or variable speed, three-phase; VFD typically six-step CS load-commutated inverter type or VS PWM inverter type. [88] [90] Hysteresis motor: Accurate speed control