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The Koto-Piliang System and the Bodi-Caniago System developed differently. These systems formed their own governing system based on their ideologies. The Koto-Piliang are based on aristocracy while Bodi-Caniago are based on confederation. These clans' name are believed to have originated from Sanskrit.
Bodi (including Bodi Batino, Bodi Caniago, Bodi Jantan) C ... Piliang (including Piliang Barum, Piliang Bongsu, Piliang Cocoh, Piliang Dalam, Piliang Koto, ...
The koto piliang design reflects an aristocratic and hierarchical social structure, with the house containing anjuang (raised floors) at each end to permit elevated seating of clan leaders during ceremonial events. The bodi caniago design reflects a democratic social structure, with the floors being flat and on one level.
The Bodi Caniago/Adat perpatih system formulated by Datuak Parpatiah nan Sabatang is based upon egalitarian principles with all panghulu (clan chiefs) being equal while the Koto Piliang /Adat Katumangguangan system is more autocratic with there being a hierarchy of panghulu.
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Adat Perpatih (also known as Lareh Bodi Caniago in Indonesia) are customary laws which originated in the Minangkabau Highlands in Sumatra, Indonesia. It was founded by a Minangkabau leader named Sutan Balun, more famously known as Dato Perpatih Nan Sebatang.
Tanah Ta Sirah, inaugurate a new datuk when the old one died in the few hours (no need to proceed to the batagak pangulu, but the clan must invite all datuk in the region. Mambangkik Batang Tarandam , inaugurate a new datuk when the old one died in the past 10 or 50 years and even more, attendance in the Batagak Pangulu ceremony is mandatory.
Dubalang are Bagak (brave), which became one of the elements of the traditional system in a large family or clan, under the Datuk (Muslim leader) who serves as the main leader, the Imam or Katib who works in the field of religion, and the Manti who helped the Datuk in terms of governance. Dubalang also serve as enforcers and guards of village ...