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A 1907 painting by Boris Kustodiev depicting Russian serfs listening to the proclamation of the Emancipation Manifesto in 1861. The emancipation reform of 1861 in Russia, also known as the Edict of Emancipation of Russia, (Russian: Крестьянская реформа 1861 года, romanized: Krestyanskaya reforma 1861 goda – "peasants' reform of 1861") was the first and most important ...
The emancipation of the serfs in Russia: Peace arbitrators and the development of civil society (Routledge, 2008). Emmons, Terence, ed. Emancipation of the Russian serfs (1970), 119pp. Short excerpts from primary and secondary sources. Emmons, Terence. The Russian Landed Gentry and the Peasant Emancipation of 1861 (1968) review; Field, Daniel.
The Russian Landed Gentry and the Peasant Emancipation of 1861 (Cambridge University Press, 1968) Gorshkov, Boris B. "Serfs on the Move: Peasant Seasonal Migration in Pre-Reform Russia, 1800–61". Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History (Fall 2000) 627–56
While slavery has not been widespread on the territory of what is now Russia since the introduction of Christianity in the tenth century, serfdom in Russia, which was in many ways similar to landless peasantry in Feudal Europe, only ended in February 19th, 1861 when Russian Emperor Alexander II issued The Emancipation of the serfs in 1861 ...
The Bezdna peasant revolt, also known as the Bezdna unrest (Russian: Бездненские волнения) was an uprising organised by former serfs after the 1861 Russian Emancipation Reform. The event took place in the Spassky Uyezd of Kazan Governorate , specifically in a village of Bezdna ( Russian : Бездна, Biznä Tatar Cyrillic ...
A detailed statistical description of the Russian village commune was provided by Alexander Ivanovich Chuprov. Communal land ownership of the mir predated serfdom, surviving emancipation and the Russian Revolution. Until the abolition of serfdom in 1861, the mir could either contain serfs or free peasants.
The Emancipation Reform of 1861 abolished serfdom on private estates throughout the Russian Empire. By this edict more than 23 million people received their liberty. [21] Serfs gained the full rights of free citizens, including rights to marry without having to gain consent, to own property, and to own a business.
In 1855, Alexander II began his reign as Tsar of Russia and presided over a period of political and social reform, notably the emancipation of serfs in 1861 and the lifting of censorship. His successor Alexander III (r. 1881–1894) pursued a policy of repression and restricted public expenditure, but continued land and labour reforms.