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However, New England was the site of the development of preprinted designs on burlap, indicating a shift in the status of rug hooking, at least for some. While preprinted embroidery patterns had long existed, it was Philena Moxley of Lowell, Massachusetts who first developed a business stamping embroidery and rug hooking designs about 1868-1871.
Pearl McGown learned rug-hooking as a child. [1] Hooked rugs are made by pulling loops of yarn or thin strips of fabric through a base material with an open weave, typically burlap or linen. [2] [3] [4] In North America, rug-hooking has been a widespread handicraft since the early 19th century, possibly brought over by English textile workers. [5]
A latch hook for rugmaking. Traditional rug hooking is a craft in which rugs are made by pulling loops of yarn or fabric through a stiff woven base such as burlap, linen, rug warp or monks cloth. The loops are pulled through the backing material by using a latch hook mounted in a handle (usually wood) for leverage. [2]
The most common design among Varamin rugs is the "Mina Khani" which is a motif composed of four round daisy-like flowers in the shape of a diamond and attached to each other by a smaller flower, repeated all over the field. Mina Khani's etymology is unknown but Mina is a feminine name. [7]
These include flowers and flower petals, pine needles, rice, fruit, colored earth, ashes and other usually organic materials. The sawdust is cleaned, soaked in water with dye then set out to dry. In the past natural dyes such as indigo , almond shells etc. were used but today most use commercial dyes.
Lavandula (common name lavender) is a genus of 47 known species of perennial flowering plants in the mints family, Lamiaceae. [1] It is native to the Old World, primarily found across the drier, warmer regions of mainland Eurasia, with an affinity for maritime breezes.
In Turkmen weavings, such as bags and rugs, guls are often repeated to form the basic pattern in the main field (excluding the border). [4] [5]The different Turkmen tribes such as Tekke, Salor, Ersari and Yomut traditionally wove a variety of guls, some of ancient design, but gul designs were often used by more than one tribe, and by non-Turkmens.
The Mina Khani design is often seen on Varamin rugs. The Shah Abbasi design is composed of a group of palmettes. Shah Abbasi motifs are frequently seen in Kashan, Isfahan, Mashhad and Nain rugs. The Bid Majnūn, or Weeping Willow design is in fact a combination of weeping willow, cypress, poplar and fruit trees in rectilinear form. Its origin ...