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Acetyl-CoA (acetyl coenzyme A) is a molecule that participates in many biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. [2] Its main function is to deliver the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) to be oxidized for energy production.
Carnitine O-acetyltransferase also called carnitine acetyltransferase (CRAT, or CAT) [5] (EC 2.3.1.7) is an enzyme that encoded by the CRAT gene that catalyzes the chemical reaction. acetyl-CoA + carnitine CoA + acetylcarnitine. where the acetyl group displaces the hydrogen atom in the central hydroxyl group of carnitine.
In yeast, acyl-CoA:sterol acyltransferase (ASAT) is functionally equivalent to ACAT. Although studies in vitro and in yeast suggest that the acyl-CoA binding protein (ACBP) may modulate long-chain fatty acyl-CoA (LCFA-CoA) distribution, the physiological function in mammals is unresolved. Recent research suggests that ACBP expression may play a ...
Cytosolic citrate, meaning citrate in the cytosol, is a key substrate for the generation of energy. It releases acetyl-CoA and provides NADPH for fatty acid synthesis, and, in subsequent pathways, generates NAD + for glycolysis. Citrate also activates acetyl-CoA carboxylase, an enzyme that is essential in the fatty acid synthesis pathway. [11]
In enzymology, a serine O-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.30) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. acetyl-CoA + L-serine CoA + O-acetyl-L-serine Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acetyl-CoA and L-serine, whereas its two products are CoA and O-acetyl-L-serine.
3-Ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, mitochondrial also known as acetyl-Coenzyme A acyltransferase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACAA2 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Acetyl-Coenzyme A acyltransferase 2 is an acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase enzyme.
The mevalonate pathway of eukaryotes, archaea, and eubacteria all begin the same way. The sole carbon feed stock of the pathway is acetyl-CoA. The first step condenses two acetyl-CoA molecules to yield acetoacetyl-CoA. This is followed by a second condensation to form HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3- methyl-glutaryl-CoA). Reduction of HMG-CoA yields (R ...
The synthesis of Malonyl-CoA consists of two half reactions. The first being the carboxylation of biotin with bicarbonate and the second being the transfer of the CO 2 group to acetyl-CoA from carboxybiotin to allow for the formation of malonyl-CoA. Two different protein subassemblies, along with BCCP, are required for this two step reaction to ...