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Some HPV types, such as HPV5, may establish infections that persist for the lifetime of the individual without ever manifesting any clinical symptoms. HPV types 1 and 2 can cause common warts in some infected individuals. [18] HPV types 6 and 11 can cause genital warts and laryngeal papillomatosis. [1] Many HPV types are carcinogenic. [19]
Papillomaviridae is a family of non-enveloped DNA viruses whose members are known as papillomaviruses. [1] Several hundred species of papillomaviruses, traditionally referred to as "types", [2] have been identified infecting all carefully inspected mammals, [2] but also other vertebrates such as birds, snakes, turtles and fish.
The highest-risk types are HPV 16 and 18; these are responsible for the vast majority of HPV-related cancers, including cancers of the cervix, vagina, vulva, penis, anus, and head and neck.
When used without context, it frequently refers to infections (squamous cell papilloma) caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), such as warts. Human papillomavirus infection is a major cause of cervical cancer , vulvar cancer , vaginal cancer , penis cancer , anal cancer , and HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers .
Nearly 1 in 3 men have at least one type of HPV. But the burden of screening for this widespread STI is on women. Experts explain why.
HPV is a STI that is so ubiquitous that few people even know when they have it. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says it’s “the most common sexually transmitted infection in ...
HPV infects the squamous epithelium, usually of the skin or genitals, but each HPV type is typically only able to infect a few specific areas of the body. Many HPV types can produce a benign growth, often called a "wart" or "papilloma", in the area they infect. [10] Many of the more common HPV and wart types are listed below.
Over 20 different high-risk HPV subtypes have been implicated in causing head and neck cancer. In particular, HPV-16 is responsible for up to 90% of oropharyngeal cancer in North America. [56] Approximately 15–25% of head and neck cancers contain genomic DNA from HPV, [66] and the association varies based on the site of the tumor. [67]