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France's independent court system enjoys special statutory protection from the executive branch.Procedures for the appointment, promotion, and removal of judges vary depending on whether it is for the ordinary ("judiciaire") or the administrative stream.
The justices and the district courts served in turn as courts of first instance and appeals courts, in rotation. The same law also provided for commercial courts (tribunaux de commerce). For criminal matters, criminal courts with a jury were created. The Constitution of the Year VIII reorganized the court system. It retained the justices of the ...
The building of the Court of Cassation. The prosecution, or parquet général, is headed by the Chief Prosecutor (procureur général). [c] The Chief Prosecutor is a judicial officer, but does not prosecute cases; instead, his function is to advise the Court on how to proceed, analogous to the Commissioner-in-Council's [d] role within the Conseil d'État (lit.
The High Council of Judges and Prosecutors was instituted by the law n° 1364 of November 16, 2009 relating to the statute of the magistracy. [2] In November 2018, the new members of the High Judicial Council have been introduced in their new functions, under the chairmanship of Laurent Anselmi, Director of Judicial Services. [3]
The Tribunal judiciaire de Paris (abbreviated TJ; in English: Judicial Court of Paris), located at the Judicial Campus of Paris in Batignolles, is the largest court in France by caseload. It replaced the capital's former Tribunal de grande instance ( Court of major instance ) and Tribunal d'instance ( court of petty instance ) under an ...
The procedure to appoint judges to a new chamber of Poland's Supreme Court is defective and Warsaw has to take appropriate legislative measures to correct the process, the European Court of Human ...
Cour de cassation in France is an example of a supreme ordinary court.. Ordinary court or judicial court is a type of court with comprehensive subject-matter jurisdiction compared to 'specialized court' with limited jurisdiction over specific field of matters, such as intellectual property court.
Trump's outsized influence on the judiciary included his appointment of 54 judges to the 13 federal appellate courts that are a step below the Supreme Court. Biden has made 42 such appointments.