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  2. Hindustani orthography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_orthography

    4 letters ز ذ ض ظ are all ≈ Z [6] [7] 3 letters س ص ث are all ≈ S [6] [7] 2 letters ت ط are both ≈ T [6] [7] (a third letter ٹ is also often shown as English T, but is different to the other two Urdu letters, see #retroflex consonants below.) 2 letters ہ ح are both ≈ H [7] but are sometimes regarded as distinct.

  3. Hindustani grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_grammar

    Unmarked nouns ending in -ū and -ī generally shorten this to -u and -i before the oblique (and vocative) plural terminations, with the latter also inserting the semivowel y. [12] [13] [14] Many feminine Sanskrit loanwords such as bhāṣā ('language') and mātā (mother) end in -ā, therefore the ending -ā is not always a reliable indicator ...

  4. List of Sanskrit and Persian roots in Hindi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Sanskrit_and...

    The following is an alphabetical (according to Hindi's alphabet) list of Sanskrit and Persian roots, stems, prefixes, and suffixes commonly used in Hindi. अ (a)

  5. Devanagari - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devanagari

    Lower-case letters are used for unaspirated consonants and short vowels, while capital letters are used for aspirated consonants and long vowels. While the retroflex stops are mapped to 't, T, d, D, N', the dentals are mapped to 'w, W, x, X, n'. Hence the name 'WX', a reminder of this idiosyncratic mapping.

  6. Hindustani phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_phonology

    A light syllable (one mora) ends in a short vowel /ə, ɪ, ʊ/: V; A heavy syllable (two moras) ends in a long vowel /aː, iː, uː, eː, ɛː, oː, ɔː/ or in a short vowel and a consonant: VV, VC; An extra-heavy syllable (three moras) ends in a long vowel and a consonant, or a short vowel and two consonants: VVC, VCC

  7. Anusvara - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anusvara

    It is a form of open-mouthed nasalization, akin to the nasalization of vowels followed by "n" or "m" in Parisian French. When "n" or "m" follows a vowel, the "n" or "m" becomes silent and causes the preceding vowel to become nasal (it is pronounced with the soft palate extended downward to allow part or all of the air to leave through the ...

  8. Hindustani declension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_declension

    Hindi-Urdu, also known as Hindustani, has three noun cases (nominative, oblique, and vocative) [1] [2] and five pronoun cases (nominative, accusative, dative, genitive, and oblique). The oblique case in pronouns has three subdivisions: Regular, Ergative , and Genitive .

  9. Category:Hindi words and phrases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Hindi_words_and...

    Pages in category "Hindi words and phrases" The following 100 pages are in this category, out of 100 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A. Aam Aadmi;