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Pantheism is the philosophical and religious belief that reality, the universe, and nature are identical to divinity or a supreme entity. [1] The physical universe is thus understood as an immanent deity , still expanding and creating, which has existed since the beginning of time. [ 2 ]
Pantheism is the belief that the universe (or nature as the totality of everything) is identical with divinity, or that everything composes an all-encompassing, immanent God. Pantheists do not believe in a distinct personal or anthropomorphic god.
Classical Pantheism, as defined by Charles Hartshorne in 1953, is the theological deterministic philosophies of pantheists such as Baruch Spinoza and the Stoics. Hartshorne sought to distinguish panentheism , which rejects determinism, from deterministic pantheism.
Pantheism is usually defined as the identification of God with creation in such a way that the two are indistinguishable. Panentheism means that God is present in all creation by virtue of his omnipresence and omnipotence, sustaining every creature in being without being identified with any creature.
Naturalistic pantheism, also known as scientific pantheism, is a form of pantheism. It has been used in various ways such as to relate God or divinity with concrete things, [1] determinism, [2] or the substance of the universe. [3] From these perspectives, God is seen as the aggregate of all unified natural phenomena. [4]
Pantheism is the belief that everything composes an all-encompassing, immanent God, [34] or that the universe (or nature) is identical with divinity. [35] Pantheists thus do or do not believe in a personal or anthropomorphic god, but believe that interpretations of the term differ.
Einstein explained the significance of Kant's philosophy as follows: Hume saw that concepts which we must regard as essential, such as, for example, causal connection, cannot be gained from material given to us by the senses. This insight led him to a sceptical attitude as concerns knowledge of any kind.
Nature worship is often considered the primitive source of modern religious beliefs [4] [5] and can be found in animism, pantheism, panentheism, polytheism, deism, totemism, shamanism, Taoism, [6] Hinduism, some theism and paganism including Wicca. [7]