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The Space Shuttle was a partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated by NASA (the National Aeronautics and Space Administration). Its official program name was Space Transportation System (STS), taken from a 1969 plan for a system of reusable spacecraft of which it was the only item funded for development. [1]
The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011.
Company name Contracts for Craft utilised Status Notes Refs Axiom Space: SpaceX: Crew Dragon: Active SpaceX Axiom Space-1 launched in April 2022 [280] [281] Benson Space Company: SpaceDev: Dream Chaser: Defunct [282] MirCorp: none: Soyuz TM, Progress M1 and Mir: Defunct Mir deorbited Space Adventures - Soyuz and the ISS: Active 9 tourists sent ...
The United States has developed many space programs since the beginning of the spaceflight era in the mid-20th century. The government runs space programs by three primary agencies: NASA for civil space; the United States Space Force for military space; and the National Reconnaissance Office for intelligence space. These entities have invested ...
The Spaceship Company: United States Reusable spaceship launched from the White Knight Aircraft for space tourism and zero-g experimentation TsSKB-Progress: Russia manufacturer of Soyuz launch vehicle United Launch Alliance: United States 147/148 Vaya Space United States formerly known as Rocket Crafters, manufacturer of Dauntless [23] United ...
Early in the Space Shuttle program, NASA flew with payload specialists, who were typically systems specialists who worked for the company paying for the payload's deployment or operations. The final payload specialist, Gregory B. Jarvis, flew on STS-51-L, and future non-pilots were designated as mission specialists.
Responsible for all Space Shuttle-based activities related to construction and operation of the Space Station, including logistics and transfer items stored in a multi-purpose logistics module (MPLM) or Spacehab. Also responsible for all Shuttle payloads, from Spacehab to the Hubble Space Telescope to deployable satellites. On Shuttle missions ...
This is a list of persons who served aboard Space Shuttle crews, arranged in chronological order by Space Shuttle missions. Abbreviations: PC = Payload Commander; MSE = USAF Manned Spaceflight Engineer; Mir = Launched to be part of the crew of the Mir Space Station; ISS = Launched to be part of the crew of the International Space Station.