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The mania prevention and antidepressant effects of valproic acid have not been well demonstrated. [2] Valproic acid is less effective than lithium at preventing and treating depressive episodes. [17] Carbamazepine was the first anti-convulsant shown to be effective for treating bipolar mania. It has not been extensively studied in bipolar ...
Antidepressants by themselves shouldn’t be used to treat bipolar disorder because they elevate the risk of triggering a manic episode. (Learn more about Antidepressants .)
The principal exceptions to that rule, because they treat both manic and depressive symptoms, are lamotrigine, lithium carbonate, olanzapine and quetiapine. There is a need for caution when treating bipolar patients with antidepressant medication due to the risks that they pose. [21] [22] [23
Thorazine (chlorpromazine) – a phenothiazine antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar mania, and behavioral disorders in children. Notably, the first antipsychotic; Tofranil – a tricyclic antidepressant used to treat depression, anxiety, agitation, panic disorder and bedwetting
Therefore, the person can be misdiagnosed with unipolar depression and be given antidepressants. Studies have shown that antidepressant-induced mania can occur in 20–40% of people with bipolar disorder. [147] For bipolar depression, antidepressants (most frequently SSRIs) can exacerbate or trigger symptoms of hypomania and mania. [148]
Antidepressants are most commonly prescribed for people who have major depressive disorder (MDD). MDD is described as feeling depressed, moody or sad all, every day, for at least two weeks.
Treatment of bipolar disorder using antidepressants may carry a risk of affective switches where a person switches from depression to manic or hypomanic phases or mixed states. [24] There may also be a risk of accelerating cycling between phases when antidepressants are used in bipolar disorder.
Asenapine, sold under the brand name Saphris among others, is an atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia and acute mania associated with bipolar disorder as well as the medium to long-term management of bipolar disorder. [4] [10]
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