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Diazonium compounds or diazonium salts are a group of organic compounds sharing a common functional group [R−N + ≡N]X − where R can be any organic group, such as an alkyl or an aryl, and X is an inorganic or organic anion, such as a halide. The parent compound where R is hydrogen, is diazenylium.
The tetrafluoroborate can be obtained from crude benzenediazonium chloride by salt metathesis using tetrafluoroboric acid. [C 6 H 5 N 2]Cl + HBF 4 → [C 6 H 5 N 2]BF 4 + HCl. The tetrafluoroborate is more stable than the chloride. [2]
Phenylhydrazine is prepared by reacting aniline with sodium nitrite in the presence of hydrogen chloride to form the diazonium salt, which is subsequently reduced using sodium sulfite in the presence of sodium hydroxide to form the final product. [6]
Chlorobenzene (abbreviated PhCl) is an aryl chloride and the simplest of the chlorobenzenes, consisting of a benzene ring substituted with one chlorine atom. Its chemical formula is C 6 H 5 Cl. This colorless, flammable liquid is a common solvent and a widely used intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals.
These compounds are diazotized followed by treatment with cuprous chloride. [1] Industrially, the diazonium method is reserved for 3-chlorotoluene. The industrial route to 2- and 4-chlorotoluene entails direct reaction of toluene with chlorine. The more valuable 4-chlorotoluene is separated from 2-chlorotoluene by distillation.
Its melting point at -44 °C is lower than that of benzene. In contrast, the boiling points of PhF and benzene are very similar, differing by only 4 °C. It is considerably more polar than benzene, with a dielectric constant of 5.42 compared to 2.28 for benzene at 298 K. [ 4 ] Fluorobenzene is a relatively inert compound reflecting the strength ...
*** Benzene is a carcinogen (cancer-causing agent). *** Very flammable. The pure material, and any solutions containing it, constitute a fire risk. Safe handling: Benzene should NOT be used at all unless no safer alternatives are available. If benzene must be used in an experiment, it should be handled at all stages in a fume cupboard.
The first step is the preparation of a benzene diazonium chloride solution, a diazonium salt created from the reaction of aniline with mixed nitric acid and hydrochloric acid. The second step involves adding the solution of the diazonium salt to 2-naphthol, to produce the diazo dye. Sudan I is prone to photodegradation when exposed to light.