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In the C standard library, the character-reading functions such as getchar return a value equal to the symbolic value (macro) EOF to indicate that an end-of-file condition has occurred. The actual value of EOF is implementation-dependent and must be negative (it is commonly −1, such as in glibc [ 2 ] ).
read will eventually run out of characters to read from the file, potentially on its very first call, which would leave a in an undetermined state and potentially cause write to cause a null pointer exception. To avoid this, read returns the special value EOF (end-of-file) in this situation, which requires an explicit test to avoid writeing it:
here doc with <<-a single space character (i.e. 0x20 ) is at the beginning of this line this line begins with a single tab character i.e 0x09 as does the next line the intended end was before this line and these were not processed by tr +++++ here doc with << a single space character (i.e. 0x20 ) is at the beginning of this line this line ...
For example, it provides a solution to save storage space by using transparent compression as an option for scenarios that need high-performance read-only requirements on their devices with limited hardware resources, e.g. smartphones like Android and IoT operating systems such as HarmonyOS alongside its HarmonyOS NEXT core system iteration.
Python Imaging Library is a free and open-source additional library for the Python programming language that adds support for opening, manipulating, and saving many different image file formats. It is available for Windows, Mac OS X and Linux. The latest version of PIL is 1.1.7, was released in September 2009 and supports Python 1.5.2–2.7. [3]
File locking is a mechanism that restricts access to a computer file, or to a region of a file, by allowing only one user or process to modify or delete it at a specific time, and preventing reading of the file while it's being modified or deleted.
Numeric literals in Python are of the normal sort, e.g. 0, -1, 3.4, 3.5e-8. Python has arbitrary-length integers and automatically increases their storage size as necessary. Prior to Python 3, there were two kinds of integral numbers: traditional fixed size integers and "long" integers of arbitrary size.
The same principle was later used in the magnetic bubble memory developed in the 1980s, and is still found in various magnetic strip items such as metro tickets and some credit cards. In modern semiconductor memory , such as dynamic random-access memory or a solid-state drive , the two values of a bit are represented by two levels of electric ...