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Opisthokont characteristics include synthesis of extracellular chitin in exoskeleton, cyst/spore wall, or cell wall of filamentous growth and hyphae; the extracellular digestion of substrates with osmotrophic absorption of nutrients; and other cell biosynthetic and metabolic pathways.
On Eukaryota tree, in Opisthokont clade, Mesomycetozoea is in the middle ("Meso-") of the fungi ("-myceto-") and the animals ("-zoea"). [6] The name Mesomycetozoa (without a third e) is also used to refer to this group, but Mendoza et al. use it as an alternate name for basal Opisthokonts.
A protist (/ ˈ p r oʊ t ɪ s t / PROH-tist) or protoctist is any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, land plant, or fungus.Protists do not form a natural group, or clade, but are a polyphyletic grouping of several independent clades that evolved from the last eukaryotic common ancestor.
Holozoa, along with a clade that contains fungi and their protist relatives , are part of the larger supergroup of eukaryotes known as Opisthokonta. Holozoa diverged from their opisthokont ancestor around 1070 million years ago (Mya). [16] The choanoflagellates, animals and filastereans group together as the clade Filozoa.
The group includes eukaryotic cells that, for the most part, have a single emergent flagellum, or are amoebae with no flagella.The unikonts include opisthokonts (animals, fungi, and related forms) and Amoebozoa.
The name "Choanozoa" was first used by protozoologist Thomas Cavalier-Smith in 1991 to refer to a group of basal protists that later proved not to form a clade. This group had the rank of phylum and contained all opisthokont protists while excluding both fungi and animals, making the group paraphyletic. Its classification was the following: [7]
Holomycota or Nucletmycea are a basal Opisthokont clade as sister of the Holozoa.It consists of the Cristidiscoidea and the kingdom Fungi.The position of nucleariids, unicellular free-living phagotrophic amoebae, [3] as the earliest lineage of Holomycota suggests that animals and fungi independently acquired complex multicellularity from a common unicellular ancestor and that the osmotrophic ...
This category contains valid opisthokont species. Alternate names (i.e. junior synonyms) are not included here. Italicized entries are articles about species in monotypic genera; these are redirected to their appropriate genus article.