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The principal difference between these two variants of covenant theology is their understanding of the Covenant of Grace. Standard Westminster covenant theology sees the Covenant of Grace beginning with The Fall in Genesis 3, and continuing through the Old Covenant and the New Covenant, under the same "substance" but different "administrations".
The 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith is a significant summary of the beliefs of Reformed Baptists. [1] The name "Reformed Baptist" dates from the latter part of the 20th century to denote Baptists who retained Baptist ecclesiology, and reaffirmed Reformed biblical theology, such as Covenant theology.
Baptists emerged in 1609 under the teachings of John Smyth, and along with Methodism, grew in size and influence after they sailed to the New World (the remaining Puritans who traveled to the New World were Congregationalists). Some Baptists fit strongly with the Reformed tradition theologically but not denominationally.
There Really Is a Difference: A Comparison of Covenant and Dispensational Theology. Friends of Israel Gospel Ministry. ISBN 0-915540-50-9; Sweetnam, Mark. The Dispensations: God's Plan for the Ages (Scripture Teaching Library, 2013) ISBN 978-1-909789-00-5; Walvoord, John F. Prophecy In The New Millennium (Kregel, 2001) ISBN 0-8254-3967-1
Methodism maintains the superstructure of classical covenant theology, but being Arminian in soteriology, it discards the "predestinarian template of Reformed theology that was part and parcel of its historical development." [4] The main difference between Wesleyan covenant theology and classical covenant theology is as follows:
Baptists are those Christians who believe in credobaptism—that one should receive the ordinance of baptism after he/she experiences the New Birth.Baptists are categorized into two major categories: General Baptists (also known as Freewill Baptists) believe that Christ's atonement extends to all people, while the Particular Baptists (also known as Reformed Baptists) believe that it extends ...
Methodism maintains the superstructure of classical covenant theology, but being Arminian in soteriology, it discards the "predestinarian template of Reformed theology that was part and parcel of its historical development." [70] The main difference between Wesleyan covenant theology and classical covenant theology is as follows:
With some notable exceptions such as Reformed Baptists, Reformed Christians baptize infants who are born to believing parents. [54] Reformed Christians do so on the basis of the continuity from the old covenant between God and Israel and the new covenant with the church, since infants were circumcised under the old covenant. [55]