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Multiple exceptionally preserved specimens, among the best preserved bat fossils, are known from the Green River Formation of North America. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The best known species is I. index. [ 3 ] Fragmentary material from France has also been tentatively placed within Icaronycteris as the second species I. menui . [ 4 ]
Onychonycteris means "clawed bat", in reference to the fact that this animal had claws on all five of its digits, whereas modern bats only have claws on the thumb (in most species) or thumb and index finger (in pteropodids). [1] The specific epithet is a tribute to the fossil prospector and preparator who discovered it, Bonnie Finney. [1]
Palaeochiropteryx (/ ˌ p æ l i oʊ k aɪ ˈ r ɒ p t ər ɪ k s / PAL-ee-oh-ky-ROP-tər-iks) is an extinct genus of bat from the Middle Eocene of Europe and North America.It contains three very similar species – Palaeochiropteryx tupaiodon and Palaeochiropteryx spiegeli, both from the famous Messel Pit of Germany, as well as Palaeochiropteryx sambuceus from the Sheep Pass Formation (Nevada ...
Palaeochiropterygidae was merged into Archaeonycteridae by Kurten and Anderson in 1980, but modern authorities specializing in bat fossils maintain the distinction between the two. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It was classified to the unranked clade Microchiropteramorpha by Smith et al. in 2007.
In addition, several fossil genera are known; the oldest fossils attributed to the family are from the middle Eocene of Europe. [4] In their 1997 Classification of Mammals , Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell proposed a division of Hipposideridae (called Rhinonycterinae in their work) into three tribes , one with two subtribes, [ 5 ] but ...
The most common fossil at the site are of crocodiles and giant trionychidae turtles which have become extinct in Australia. [4] Fossils from Murgon include the world's oldest songbirds, the oldest Australian marsupials, and the only fossils of leiopelmatid frogs outside of the Saint Bathans Fauna.
[1] [2] The family Palaeochiropterygidae was also merged into Archaeonycteridae by Kurten and Anderson, but modern authorities specializing in bat fossils maintain the distinction between the two. [3] [4] They existed from the Ypresian to the Lutetian ages of the Middle Eocene epoch (55.8 to 40.4 million years ago). [1]
More recently, E. Maitre has described the fossils in more detail. [6] [7] [8] N. grandis and N. planifrons have been considered indistinguishable from N. adichaster, but N. gerzei and N. marandati may be distinct enough to retain their respective statuses as distinct species. Several indeterminate bat fossils in France may belong to Necromantis.