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Its position in the cultures of Greater India is akin to that of Latin and Ancient Greek in Europe. Sanskrit has significantly influenced most modern languages of the Indian subcontinent, particularly the languages of the northern, western, central and eastern Indian subcontinent. [165] [166] [167]
For Greek, Old Irish, Armenian and Albanian (modern), only the first-person singular present indicative is given. For Sanskrit , Avestan , Old Persian , Parthian , the third-person singular present indicative is given.
Sanskrit: An Introduction to the Classical Language. Sevenoaks, Kent: Hodder and Stoughton. Crooker, Jill M., and Kathleen A. Rabiteau. 2000. "An interwoven fabric: The AP Latin examinations, the SAT II: Latin test, and the national "standards for classical language learning." The Classical Outlook 77, no. 4: 148–53.
August Schleicher's A Compendium of the Comparative Grammar of the Indo-European, Sanskrit, Greek and Latin Languages (1874–77) represented an early attempt to reconstruct the Proto-Indo-European language. [16] By the early 1900s, Indo-Europeanists had developed well-defined descriptions of PIE which scholars still accept today.
The hypothesis reappeared in 1786 when Sir William Jones first lectured on the striking similarities among three of the oldest languages known in his time: Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit, to which he tentatively added Gothic, Celtic, and Persian, [7] though his classification contained some inaccuracies and omissions. [8]
The laryngeal syllabified after a consonant (thus Greek patḗr, Latin pater, Sanskrit pitár-; Greek thugátēr, Sanskrit duhitár-"daughter") but lengthened a preceding vowel (thus say Latin māter "mother", frāter "brother") — even when the "vowel" in question was a syllabic resonant, as in Sanskrit yātaras "husbands' wives" < *yṆt ...
The perfective root *gʷem-"to step" is reconstructible with two different imperfective derivations: *gʷm̥-sḱé-(Ancient Greek báskō, Sanskrit gácchati) and *gʷm̥-yé-(Ancient Greek baínō, Latin veniō). Both formations survived side by side in Greek, suggesting that they did not overlap significantly enough in meaning throughout ...
In 1786 Sir William Jones, who had founded The Asiatic Society [3] two years earlier, delivered the third annual discourse; [4] in his often-cited "philologer" passage, he noted similarities between Sanskrit, Ancient Greek and Latin—an event which is often cited as the beginning of comparative linguistics, Indo-European studies, and Sanskrit ...