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The Bible is the world's most published book, with estimated total sales of over five billion copies. [180] As such, the Bible has had a profound influence, especially in the Western world, [181] [182] where the Gutenberg Bible was the first book printed in Europe using movable type. [183]
The copy of the Gutenberg Bible held at the Bibliothèque nationale de France. The Gutenberg Bible, also known as the 42-line Bible, the Mazarin Bible or the B42, was the earliest major book printed in Europe using mass-produced metal movable type. It marked the start of the "Gutenberg Revolution" and the age of printed books in the West.
After the invention of printing in Europe, the Vulgate became the first printed book – the Gutenberg Bible (1452–1456) was created. [20] The first critical edition of the Vulgate text-type was the work of Robert Estienne in 1528. [21] In 1546, the Council of Trent passed a resolution on the need to prepare a revised Vulgate.
The first Bible printed in Scotland was a Geneva Bible, which was first issued in 1579. [7] In fact, the involvement of Knox (1514–1572) and Calvin (1509–1564) in the creation of the Geneva Bible made it especially appealing in Scotland, where in 1579 a law was passed requiring every household of sufficient means to buy a copy. [13]
Since Peter Waldo's Franco-Provençal translation of the New Testament in the late 1170s, and Guyart des Moulins' Bible Historiale manuscripts of the Late Middle Ages, there have been innumerable vernacular translations of the scriptures on the European continent, greatly aided and catalysed by the development of the printing press, first invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the late 1430s.
The first complete French Bible printed was a translation by Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples, published in 1530 in Antwerp. [33] The Froschauer Bible of 1531 and the Luther Bible of 1534 (both appearing in portions throughout the 1520s) were an important part of the Reformation .
The King James Version was first published in 1611 as a complete Bible (Herbert #309) and a New Testament (Herbert #310). Translated by 47 translators using the widest range of source texts, it became known as the "Authorized Version" in England and is the most widely used of the Early Modern English Bible translations.
The first printing which carries Mentelin's name is Augustine's Tractatus de arte praedicandi from the year 1465. However, it is assumed that Mentelin had already begun to print significantly earlier, probably even already in 1458. His oldest known printed work is a Latin Bible printed with 49 lines per page ("B49"), whose first volume is dated ...