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The Salian dynasty or Salic dynasty (German: Salier) was a dynasty in the High Middle Ages.The dynasty provided four kings of Germany (1024–1125), all of whom went on to be crowned Holy Roman emperors (1027–1125).
Henry, having come to terms with the pope, died 1125 without children in Utrecht and was the last Salian emperor to be interred in the Speyer cathedral. As with Henry IV, Speyer had been one of his favourite residences.
Henry V (German: Heinrich V.; probably 11 August 1081 or 1086 [1] – 23 May 1125) was King of Germany (from 1099 to 1125) and Holy Roman Emperor (from 1111 to 1125), as the fourth and last ruler of the Salian dynasty.
At Christmas 1052, the Emperor made Henry the duke of Bavaria. [26] [29] Archbishop Hermann crowned Henry King of Germany in Aachen on 17 July 1054. [29] [30] On this occasion, Henry's two-year-old younger brother, Conrad, most likely received Bavaria from their father. [29] When Conrad died in 1055, the Emperor gave Bavaria to Empress Agnes. [31]
Henry III (German: Heinrich III, 28 October 1016 – 5 October 1056), called the Black or Heinrich der Schwarze/the Pious, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1046 until his death in 1056. A member of the Salian dynasty, he was the eldest son of Conrad II and Gisela of Swabia. [1] [2] [3]
Grave of Henry V in the cathedral of Speyer. Archbishop Adalbert, advisor of the last Salian emperor Henry V, came into opposition to him during the Investiture Controversy by 1112 at the latest and made contact with the Saxon dukes who were opponents of Henry. [2]
It depended on cooperation between emperor and vassals; [23] this was disturbed during the Salian period. [24] The empire reached the apex of territorial expansion and power under the House of Hohenstaufen in the mid-13th century, but overextension led to a partial collapse.
The title lapsed in 924, but was revived in 962 when Otto I was crowned emperor by Pope John XII, as Charlemagne's and the Carolingian Empire's successor. From 962 until the 12th century, the empire was one of the most powerful monarchies in Europe. It depended on cooperation between emperor and vassals; this was disturbed during the Salian period.