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  2. Rubellite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubellite

    Rubellite is the red or pink variety of tourmaline and is a member of elbaite. Rubellite is also the rarest gem in its family. [2] It is occasionally mistaken for ruby. [3] These gems typically contain inclusions. [4] Notable countries where rubellite can be mined include Afghanistan, Brazil, Madagascar, Myanmar, Nigeria, Russia, and the United ...

  3. Gemstone Meanings: Power and Significance of the 25 Most ...

    www.aol.com/gemstone-meanings-power-significance...

    Here are the most popular gemstone meanings. ... Emeralds and other green gemstones like tourmaline, peridot, and jade correlate to the green color wavelength and heart chakra, so wearing stones ...

  4. Tourmaline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourmaline

    Some tourmaline gems, especially pink to red colored stones, are altered by heat treatment to improve their color. Overly dark red stones can be lightened by careful heat treatment. The pink color in manganese-containing near-colorless to pale pink stones can be greatly increased by irradiation with gamma-rays or electron beams.

  5. Elbaite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elbaite

    Elbaite is allochromatic, meaning trace amounts of impurities can tint crystals, and it can be strongly pleochroic. Every color of the rainbow may be represented by elbaite, some exhibiting multicolor zonation. Microscopic acicular inclusions in some elbaite crystals show the cat's eye effect in polished cabochons.

  6. Chelsea filter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelsea_filter

    The "chelsea" filter was originally devised by Anderson and Payne in 1934 of the Gem testing Laboratory of the London Chamber of Commerce & Industry.The filter was devised with the collaboration of gemmology students of the Chelsea College of Science and Technology where Basil Anderson was an instructor for the Gemmological Association of Great Britain.

  7. Gemstones of Pakistan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstones_of_Pakistan

    Image Gemstones Notes Ref; Swat: Emerald, quartz, and epidote: Various types of quartz are found in the region. The image shows a specimen of aquamarine and emerald on quartz from Swat valley. [3] Dir: Corundum and quartz The image shows pink and purple crystals of corundum. [3] Mansehra: Corundum and smoky quartz: The image shows aquamarine on ...

  8. List of individual gemstones - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_individual_gemstones

    A number of individual gemstones are famous in their own right, either because of their size and beauty or because of the people who owned or wore them. Aquamarines [ edit ]

  9. Pleochroism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleochroism

    Pleochroism of cordierite shown by rotating a polarizing filter on the lens of the camera Pleochroism of tourmaline shown by rotating a polarizing filter on the lens of the camera Pleochroism is an optical phenomenon in which a substance has different colors when observed at different angles, especially with polarized light.