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The medications included prednisone, and methylprednisolone, plus albuterol, beclomethasone, dexamethasone, cromolyn, salmeterol and clarithromycin. Within days of beginning the glucocorticoid treatment, however, the patient began to show symptoms that included major depression, irritability, muscle weakness, and hallucinations ("stars" or ...
5–7.5 0.5 18–40 Dexamethasone: 25–80 0 36–54 Betamethasone: 25–30 0 36–54 Triamcinolone: 5 0 12–36 Deflazacort: 6.5 – 1.3 Fludrocortisone acetate: 15 200 24 Deoxycorticosterone acetate: 0 20 – Aldosterone: 0.3 200–1000 – Beclometasone: 8 sprays 4 times every day equivalent to orally 14 mg prednisone once a day – –
The course of a disease, also called its natural history, [3] is the development of the disease in a patient, including the sequence and speed of the stages and forms they take. [4] Typical courses of diseases include: chronic; recurrent or relapsing; subacute: somewhere between an acute and a chronic course
In a prospective study, the cumulative incidence of CIL with high-dose prednisone therapy was found to be 61% after 3 months, 65% after 6 months, 68% after 9 months, and 69% after 12 months. [1] One study found that even a very low dosage of prednisone of 5 mg/day was associated with symptoms of "Cushing's syndrome". [1]
Pregnenolone = pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one; Progesterone = pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione; The glucocorticoid activity of progesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone is very weak (>100-fold less than that of cortisol). [1] The above list includes precursors and intermediates in corticosteroid biosynthesis.
6 μg/day Insignificant 910 L/day <37–140 pmol/L 10–38 pg/mL Estrone sulfate: Follicular phase 100 μg/day Insignificant 146 L/day 700–3600 pmol/L 250–1300 pg/mL Luteal phase 180 μg/day Insignificant 146 L/day 1100–7300 pmol/L 400–2600 pg/mL Progesterone: Follicular phase 2 mg/day 1.7 mg/day 2100 L/day 0.3–3 nmol/L 0.1–0.9 ng/mL
25 mg of hydrocortisone every eight hours for 24 hours. Resume usual dose thereafter. Major surgical stress (eg, esophagogastrectomy, total proctocolectomy, open heart surgery) 100 mg hydrocortisone IV: 50 mg every eight hours for 24 hours. Taper dose by half per day to maintenance level.
To prevent steroid-induced osteoporosis, the steroid dose and duration should be as low and as short as possible. All patients on long term glucocorticoids (≥3 months) should be encouraged to do weightbearing exercise, avoid smoking and excess alcohol and take fall prevention measures. Daily calcium and vitamin d intake should be sufficient.