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2,4-Dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP or simply DNP) is an organic compound with the formula HOC 6 H 3 (NO 2) 2. It has been used in explosives manufacturing and as a pesticide and herbicide. In humans, DNP causes dose-dependent mitochondrial uncoupling , causing the rapid loss of ATP as heat and leading to uncontrolled hyperthermia —up to 44 °C (111 ...
2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) is a very strong thermogenic drug used for fat loss which produces a dose-dependent increase in body temperature, to the point where it can induce death by hyperthermia. It works as a mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler, disrupting the mitochondrial electron transport chain .
It had a modest effect but produced the symptoms of hyperthyroidism as a side effect, such as palpitations and difficulty sleeping. [ 36 ] 2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) was introduced in 1933; this worked by uncoupling the biological process of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria , causing them to produce heat instead of ATP .
There are six isomers of dinitrophenol: Chemical structure of 2,4-Dinitrophenol. 2,3-Dinitrophenol; 2,4-Dinitrophenol; 2,5-Dinitrophenol; 2,6-Dinitrophenol; 3,4-Dinitrophenol; 3,5-Dinitrophenol; Dinitrophenols also form the core structure of some herbicides, which are collectively referred to as dinitrophenol herbicides, including: Chemical ...
Dinoseb is a common industry name for 6-sec-butyl-2,4-dinitrophenol, a herbicide in the dinitrophenol family. It is a crystalline orange solid which does not readily dissolve in water. Dinoseb is banned as an herbicide in the European Union (EU) and the United States because of its toxicity.
HU6 is a prodrug of the mitochondrial uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) that is intended to "minimize the rapid absorption and high peak blood concentrations of DNP to provide a wider therapeutic index and improve safety."
"The lowest published lethal human oral dose of DNP is 4.3 mg/kg"2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP): A Weight Loss Agent with Significant Acute Toxicity and Risk of Death, however "In studies of intermediate-duration oral exposure to 2,4-DNP, cases of death from agranulocytosis (described in the discussion of Hematological Effects) have been attributed to ...
It is also used in the management of neuroleptic malignant syndrome, muscle spasticity (e.g. after strokes, in paraplegia, cerebral palsy, or patients with multiple sclerosis), and poisoning by 2,4-dinitrophenol [9] [10] or by the related compounds dinoseb and dinoterb. [11]