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Oil and gas well operations generate produced water, which may contain oils, toxic metals (e.g. arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury, lead), salts, organic chemicals and solids. Some produced water contains traces of naturally occurring radioactive material. Offshore oil and gas platforms also generate deck drainage, domestic waste and sanitary ...
n.o.s. = not otherwise specified meaning a collective entry to which substances, mixtures, solutions or articles may be assigned if a) they are not mentioned by name in 3.2 Dangerous Goods List AND b) they exhibit chemical, physical and/or dangerous properties corresponding to the Class, classification code, packing group and the name and description of the n.o.s. entry [4]
Oil dispersant mechanism of action. An oil dispersant is a mixture of emulsifiers and solvents that helps break oil into small droplets following an oil spill.Small droplets are easier to disperse throughout a water volume, and small droplets may be more readily biodegraded by microbes in the water.
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a halocarbon with the formula C 2 HCl 3, commonly used as an industrial metal degreasing solvent.It is a clear, colourless, non-flammable, volatile liquid with a chloroform-like pleasant mild smell [3] and sweet taste. [9]
Demulsifiers, or emulsion breakers, are a class of specialty chemicals used to separate emulsions, for example, water in oil. They are commonly used in the processing of crude oil, which is typically produced along with significant quantities of saline water. This water (and salt) must be removed from the crude oil prior to refining.
A typical gravimetric API separator. An API oil–water separator is a device designed to separate gross amounts of oil and suspended solids from industrial wastewater produced at oil refineries, petrochemical plants, chemical plants, natural gas processing plants and other industrial oily water sources.
Manufactured by solvent extraction, solvent or catalytic dewaxing, and hydro-finishing processes. Common Group I base oil are 150SN (solvent neutral), 500SN, and 150BS (brightstock) Group II – Saturates > 90% and sulfur < 0.03%, and SAE viscosity index of 80 to 120; Manufactured by hydrocracking and solvent or catalytic dewaxing processes.
A tertiary amine, it is widely used as a sweetening agent in chemical, oil refinery, syngas production and natural gas. [1] Similar compounds are monoethanolamine (MEA), a primary amine, and diethanolamine (DEA), a secondary amine, both of which are also used for amine gas treating.