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The Engel scale was developed by James F. Engel, as a way of representing the journey from no knowledge of God, through to spiritual maturity as a Christian believer. [1] The model is used by some Christians to emphasise the process of conversion and the various decision-making steps that a person goes through in becoming a Christian.
Ben Campbell Johnson (March 28, 1932, in Elba, Alabama – June 2, 2016, in Atlanta, Georgia) was an American ordained minister in the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) and a professor emeritus of evangelism and spiritual direction at Columbia Theological Seminary. He is known for his work in church renewal movements and on interfaith relations ...
Contributors in the field of spiritual ecology contend there are spiritual elements at the root of environmental issues. [1] Those working in the arena of spiritual ecology further suggest that there is a critical need to recognize and address the spiritual dynamics at the root of environmental degradation.
Immanuel – "God with us," is a Biblical concept that deals with the concept of divine presence, often used by Christians as a title for Jesus; Incarnation (Christianity) – Believed of the second person of the Trinity, also known as God the Son or the Logos (Word), who "became flesh" by being conceived in the womb of Mary.
The meaning of spirituality has developed and expanded over time, and various meanings can be found alongside each other. [1] [2] [3] [note 1] Traditionally, spirituality is referred to a religious process of re-formation which "aims to recover the original shape of man", [note 2] oriented at "the image of God" [4] [5] as exemplified by the founders and sacred texts of the religions of the world.
The underlying theme here is that God, the perfect goodness, [65] is known or experienced at least as much by the heart as by the intellect since, in the words of 1 John 4:16: "God is love, and he who abides in love abides in God and God in him." Some approaches to classical mysticism would consider the first two phases as preparatory to the ...
Tazkiyah (Arabic: تزكية) is an Arabic-Islamic term alluding to tazkiyat al-nafs, meaning 'sanctification' or 'purification of the self'. This refers to the process of transforming the nafs (carnal self or desires) from its state of self-centrality through various spiritual stages towards the level of purity and submission to the will of God. [1]
The Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola are considered a classic work of spiritual literature. [16] Many Jesuits are ready to direct the general public in retreats based on the Exercises . Since the 1980s there has been a growing interest in the Spiritual Exercises among people from other Christian traditions. [ 3 ]