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Load regulation is the capability to maintain a constant voltage (or current) level on the output channel of a power supply despite changes in the supply's load (such as a change in resistance value connected across the supply output).
Conversely, when the output current is (near) zero, the voltage at the load is higher. This follows from Ohm's law. Rather than increasing output voltage at high current to try to maintain the same load voltage, droop instead simply allows this drop to take place and designs around it. The behaviour of the system with and without droop is as ...
Loss of load in an electrical grid is a term used to describe the situation when the available generation capacity is less than the system load. [1] Multiple probabilistic reliability indices for the generation systems are using loss of load in their definitions, with the more popular [2] being Loss of Load Probability (LOLP) that characterizes a probability of a loss of load occurring within ...
If energy output and input are expressed in the same units, efficiency is a dimensionless number. [1] Where it is not customary or convenient to represent input and output energy in the same units, efficiency-like quantities have units associated with them. For example, the heat rate of a fossil fuel power plant may be expressed in BTU per ...
The heat output of any resistive device, such as an electric space heater, toaster, oven, and incandescent bulbs is equal to the power consumption, which is directly proportional to the square of the applied voltage if the resistance stays constant. Therefore, a significant reduction of heat output will occur with a relatively small reduction ...
In mechanical engineering, mechanical efficiency is a dimensionless ratio that measures the efficiency of a mechanism or machine in transforming the power input to the device to power output. A machine is a mechanical linkage in which force is applied at one point, and the force does work moving a load at another point.
A low line regulation is always preferred. In practice, a well regulated power supply should have a line regulation of at most 0.1%. [1] In the regulator device datasheets the line regulation is expressed as percent change in output with respect to change in input per volt of the output. Mathematically it is expressed as:
In electric grid power generators, curtailment is the deliberate reduction in output below what could have been produced in order to balance energy supply and demand or due to transmission constraints. [1] [2] [3] The definition is not strict, and several types of curtailment exist. "Economic dispatch" (low market price) is the most common. [4]