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Japanese particles, joshi (助詞) or tenioha (てにをは), are suffixes or short words in Japanese grammar that immediately follow the modified noun, verb, adjective, or sentence. Their grammatical range can indicate various meanings and functions, such as speaker affect and assertiveness.
The reason for this is that in Japanese, sentences (other than occasional inverted sentences or sentences containing afterthoughts) always end in a verb (or other predicative words like adjectival verbs, adjectival nouns, auxiliary verbs)—the only exceptions being a few sentence-ending particles such as ka, ne, and yo.
A study on sentence-final particles in the Sato dialect of Koshikijima found that, while な(ー) na(a) and ね(ー) ne(e) mostly overlapped in usage, speakers felt that the particle ne(e) was not native to their dialect and was instead an artifact of standard Japanese. [46]
As such, sentence-final particles in this sense often perform an interpersonal function, rather than a grammatical one. Nevertheless, there are cases in which sentence-final particles do perform grammatical functions, such as Mandarin ma 嗎/吗, the "question particle," which changes the grammatical mood of a sentence to interrogative.
Download QR code; Print/export Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikimedia Commons; ... Japanese particles; Japanese pronouns; T. Taru adjective;
First he makes a division of particles that can go with nouns and particles that can't. The first group then divides into tagui (属) – sentence-ending particles, and ie (家) – particles "inside" a sentence. The second group divides into tomo (倫) – particles of tense and mood, tsura (隊) – inflexible suffixes, and mi (身) – other ...
In Wakayama Prefecture, the particles noshi (のし) or noushi (のうし) (derived from nou, moushi (のう、申し excuse me) are used mainly by older female speakers as respectful sentence-ending particles. They are the most respectful sentence-ending particles in the dialect and may also be used independently as interjectory particles.
Korean noun particles are postpositional, following the word they mark, as opposed to prepositions which precede the marked word. Korean noun particles include the subject particle i/ga ( 이/가 ), the object-marking particle eul/reul ( 을/를 ), and the topic-marking particle eun/neun ( 은/는 ), all of which show allomorphy .