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The nuclear lamina consists of two components, lamins and nuclear lamin-associated membrane proteins. The lamins are type V intermediate filaments which can be categorized as either A-type (lamin A, C) or B-type (lamin B 1, B 2) according to homology of their DNA sequences, biochemical properties and cellular localization during the cell cycle.
The nuclear envelope is made up of two lipid bilayer membranes, an inner nuclear membrane and an outer nuclear membrane. These membranes are connected to each other by nuclear pores. Two sets of intermediate filaments provide support for the nuclear envelope. An internal network forms the nuclear lamina on the inner nuclear membrane. [7]
Nuclear lamins interact with inner nuclear membrane proteins to form the nuclear lamina on the interior of the nuclear envelope. Lamins have elastic and mechanosensitive properties, and can alter gene regulation in a feedback response to mechanical cues. [ 1 ]
The nuclear pore complex (NPC), is a large protein complex giving rise to the nuclear pore. Nuclear pores are found in the nuclear envelope that surrounds the cell nucleus in eukaryotic cells . The nuclear envelope is studded by a great number of nuclear pores that give access to various molecules, to and from the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm.
nuclear export signal (NES) nuclear lamina A fibrous network of proteins lining the inner, nucleoplasmic surface of the nuclear envelope, composed of filaments similar to those that make up the cytoskeleton. It may function as a scaffold for the various contents of the nucleus including nuclear proteins and chromosomes. [3] nuclear localization ...
The nuclear lamina: a dense fiber network inside the nucleus of cells. [6] The lamina affixa: a layer of epithelium growing on the surface of the thalamus. The lamina of Drosophila is the most peripheral neuropil of the insect visual system. Lamina cribrosa with two different meanings. Osseous spiral lamina, a feature of the bony canal of the ...
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Nucleoporins are a family of proteins which are the constituent building blocks of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). [1] The nuclear pore complex is a massive structure embedded in the nuclear envelope at sites where the inner and outer nuclear membranes fuse, forming a gateway that regulates the flow of macromolecules between the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm.