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English: Complete neuron cell diagram. Neurons (also known as neurones and nerve cells) are electrically excitable cells in the nervous system that process and transmit information. In vertebrate animals, neurons are the core components of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves.
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English: Original Text: "This is a diagram of a typical central nervous system synapse. The presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron are on top and bottom. Mitochondria are light green, receptors dark green, postsynaptic density is in grey, Brown pyramids represent protein clusters composing the active zone, cell adhesion molecules are brown rectangles, synaptic vesicles are tan spheres ...
There are many types of neuron, and several types of glial cell. Neurons are the excitable cells of the brain that function by communicating with other neurons and interneurons (via synapses ), in neural circuits and larger brain networks .
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Schematic diagram of the primate LGN. The parvocellular neurons of the visual system receive their input from midget cells, a type of retinal ganglion cell, whose axons comprise the optic tract. These synapses occur in one of the four dorsal parvocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus.
Drawing of neurons in the pigeon cerebellum, by Spanish neuroscientist Santiago Ramón y Cajal in 1899. (A) denotes Purkinje cells and (B) denotes granule cells, both of which are multipolar. The neuron doctrine is the now fundamental idea that neurons are the basic structural and functional units of the nervous system.