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In engineering, a bottleneck is a phenomenon by which the performance or capacity of an entire system is severely limited by a single component. The component is sometimes called a bottleneck point. The term is metaphorically derived from the neck of a bottle, where the flow speed of the liquid is limited by its neck.
The information bottleneck method is a technique in information theory introduced by Naftali Tishby, Fernando C. Pereira, and William Bialek. [1] It is designed for finding the best tradeoff between accuracy and complexity (compression) when summarizing (e.g. clustering) a random variable X, given a joint probability distribution p(X,Y) between X and an observed relevant variable Y - and self ...
For massive particles, the electric field strength required to observe the effect is enormous. The electric potential energy change similar to the rest energy of the incoming particle, m c 2 {\displaystyle mc^{2}} , would need to occur over the Compton wavelength of the particle, ℏ m / c {\displaystyle \hbar m/c} , which works out to 10 16 V ...
Non-Parallelizable Work: Amdahl's Law emphasizes the non-parallelizable portion of the task as a bottleneck but doesn’t provide solutions for reducing or optimizing this portion. Assumes Homogeneous Processors : It assumes that all processors are identical and contribute equally to speedup, which may not be the case in heterogeneous computing ...
In mathematical queueing theory, Little's law (also result, theorem, lemma, or formula [1] [2]) is a theorem by John Little which states that the long-term average number L of customers in a stationary system is equal to the long-term average effective arrival rate λ multiplied by the average time W that a customer spends in the system.
This page was last edited on 6 June 2016, at 23:43 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply ...
The term "bottleneck" is explained by a common type of application of the problem, where the cost is the duration of the task performed by an agent. In this setting the "maximum cost" is "maximum duration", which is the bottleneck for the schedule of the overall job, to be minimized.
In theoretical physics, back-reaction (or backreaction) is often necessary to calculate the self-consistent behaviour of a particle or an object in an external field. Intuitive definition [ edit ]