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Pope Gregory XI (Latin: Gregorius XI; born Pierre Roger de Beaufort; c. 1329 – 27 March 1378) was head of the Catholic Church from 30 December 1370 to his death, in March 1378. He was the seventh and last Avignon pope [ 1 ] and the most recent French pope recognized by the modern Catholic Church.
The Western Schism, also known as the Papal Schism, the Great Occidental Schism, the Schism of 1378, or the Great Schism [1] (Latin: Magnum schisma occidentale, Ecclesiae occidentalis schisma), was a split within the Catholic Church lasting from 20 September 1378 to 11 November 1417, in which bishops residing in Rome and Avignon simultaneously claimed to be the true pope, and were eventually ...
The conclave was the first held in Old St. Peter's Basilica. [4]Before his death, Gregory XI substantially loosened the laws of the conclave: he instructed the cardinals to begin immediately after his death (rather than waiting the nine days prescribed by the Ordo Romanis) to prevent "factional coercion", he gave the cardinals permission to hold the conclave outside of Rome and move it as many ...
Pope Gregory XI returned to Rome in 1376 and ended the Avignon Papacy. The most influential decision in the reign of Pope Gregory XI (1370–1378) was the return to Rome, beginning on 13 September 1376 and ending with his arrival on 17 January 1377.
Pope Gregory XI; G. Mollat, The Popes at Avignon 1305-1378, London 1963 This page was last edited on 17 January 2025, at 13:14 (UTC). Text is available under ...
When Gregory XI's war against Milan ended in 1375, many Florentines feared that the pope would turn his military attention toward Tuscany; thus, Florence arranged a nonaggression pact with the English condottiere John Hawkwood, who was Gregory XI's main military commander, at a cost of 130,000 florins, extracted from local clergy, bishops ...
Pope Gregory V (996–999) Pope Gregory VI (1045–1046) Antipope Gregory VI; Pope Gregory VII (1073–1085), after whom the Gregorian Reform is named; Pope Gregory VIII (1187) Antipope Gregory VIII; Pope Gregory IX (1227–1241) Pope Gregory X (1271–1276) Pope Gregory XI (1370–1378) Pope Gregory XII (1406–1415) Pope Gregory XIII (1572 ...
Her influence on Pope Gregory XI played a role in his 1376 decision to leave Avignon for Rome. The Pope then sent Catherine to negotiate peace with the Florentine Republic. After Gregory XI's death (March 1378) and the conclusion of peace (July 1378), she returned to Siena. The Great Schism of the West led Catherine of Siena to go to Rome with ...