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Protein kinase C (PKC) is a phorbol ester receptor. [2] [3] Phorbol esters can stimulate PKC in a similar way to diglycerides. [2] [3] Phorbol esters are known for their ability to promote tumors. [2] In particular, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is used as a biomedical research tool in models of carcinogenesis. [4] [5]
When phorbol esters bind to the receptor, they are not degraded as efficiently by the body, leading to constitutively active PK. [17] PKC is involved in a number of important cell signaling pathways. Thus, phorbol ester exposure can show a wide range of results. Crystal structure of phorbol-13-acetate bound to the C1B domain of protein kinase C ...
C1 domain (also known as phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain) binds an important secondary messenger diacylglycerol (DAG), as well as the analogous phorbol esters. [1] Phorbol esters can directly stimulate protein kinase C, PKC. Phorbol esters (such as PMA) are analogues of DAG and potent tumor promoters that cause a variety of ...
12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), also commonly known as tetradecanoylphorbol acetate, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is a diester of phorbol. It is a potent tumor promoter often employed in biomedical research to activate the signal transduction enzyme protein kinase C (PKC).
The C1 domain, present in all of the isoforms of PKC has a binding site for DAG as well as non-hydrolysable, non-physiological analogues called phorbol esters. This domain is functional and capable of binding DAG in both conventional and novel isoforms, however, the C1 domain in atypical PKCs is incapable of binding to DAG or phorbol esters.
Phorbol esters; P. Phorbol; Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate; Prostratin; T. 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate This page was last edited on 9 January 2020, at 02:18 ...
Tigliane is a diterpene that forms the structural basis for some natural chemical compounds such as phorbol. [1] [2] See also. Abietane; Labdane; Ingenane; Phorbol ...
Croton oil is the source of the chemical compound phorbol. [7] Tumor promotion activity was traced to phorbol esters present in croton oil. [ 8 ] Pure phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate , which is found in croton oil, is widely used in laboratory research to induce tumor development.