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Sar-i Sang (or Sar-e Sang) (lit. "stone summit" in Persian) is a settlement in the Kuran Wa Munjan District of Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan, famous for its ancient lapis lazuli mines producing the world's finest lapis. [1] It is located in the Koksha Valley.
[13] [14] Most recent mining activity has focused on lapis lazuli, with the proceeds from the lapis mines being used to fund Northern Alliance troops, and before that, anti-Soviet Mujahideen fighters. [15] Recent geological surveys have indicated the location of other gemstone deposits, in particular rubies and emeralds. [16]
The IVC site at Shortugai was a trading post of Harappan times and it seems to be connected with lapis lazuli mines located in the surrounding area. [5] It also might have connections with tin trade (found at Afghanistan) and camel trade, [5] along with other Afghan valuables. [6]
Koksha (Dari: کوکچه, Munji: قوقشه, Pashto: کوکشه) is a valley located in Badakhshan Province's Kuran Wa Munjan District in Afghanistan. Koksha is famous for its lapis lazuli found in the mines of Sar-e-Sang since the 3rd millennium BC. [1] Koksha Valley includes Mount Ladjuar. [2]
The mineralogist A. E. Fersman wrote that one stone was known throughout the long history of culture – the bright blue lapis lazuli of Afghanistan (Badakhshan), which was transported by caravan routes to Egypt, China, Rome, and Byzantium.
Lapis lazuli was being mined in the Badakhshan province of Afghanistan as early as 8000 BC. [13] In ancient Egypt , lapis lazuli was a favorite stone for amulets and ornaments such as scarabs and was used in Egypt's pyramids ; [ 14 ] it was also used in ancient Mesopotamia by the Sumerians, Akkadians, Assyrians, Babylonians for seals and at ...
As early as the 7th millennium BC, lapis lazuli was mined in the Sar-i Sang mines, [2] in Shortugai, and in other mines in Badakhshan province in modern northeast Afghanistan. [3] Lapis lazuli artifacts, dated to 7570 BC, have been found at Bhirrana, which is the oldest site of Indus Valley civilisation. [4]
The lapis lazuli found in Egyptian tombs is thought to come from the Pamir area in Badakhshan province of Afghanistan. [7] About 138 BCE Zhang Qian reached the Fergana Valley northwest of the Pamirs. Ptolemy vaguely describes a trade route through the area. From about 600 CE, Buddhist pilgrims travelled on both sides of the Pamirs to reach ...
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