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In HTML DOM (Document Object Model), every element is a node: [4] A document is a document node. All HTML elements are element nodes. All HTML attributes are attribute nodes. Text inserted into HTML elements are text nodes. Comments are comment nodes.
In SGML, HTML and XML documents, the logical constructs known as character data and attribute values consist of sequences of characters, in which each character can manifest directly (representing itself), or can be represented by a series of characters called a character reference, of which there are two types: a numeric character reference and a character entity reference.
HTML5 does not require one, but it is often added for compatibility with XHTML and XML processing. In a well-formed document, all elements are well-formed, and; a single element, known as the root element, contains all of the other elements in the document. For example, the code below is not well-formed HTML, because the em and strong elements ...
An empty element may be: An empty HTML element, one with tag(s) but no content (HTML element § Empty element) An empty XML element, one with tag(s) but no content (XML § Key terminology) An empty SGML element, one with tag(s) but no content (Standard Generalized Markup Language § EMPTY).
There is another kind of character reference called a character entity reference, which allows a character to be referred to by a name instead of a number. (Naming a character creates a character entity.) HTML defines some character entities, but not many; all other characters can only be included by direct encoding or using NCRs.
HTML markup consists of several key components, including those called tags (and their attributes), character-based data types, character references and entity references. HTML tags most commonly come in pairs like < h1 > and </ h1 > , although some represent empty elements and so are unpaired, for example < img > .
But which set of entities? In particular, HTML5 doesn't indicate the DTD to be used (it's implicit, by defined HTML5 behaviour outside the normal XML or SGML parsing models). Clearly (by observation), Mediawiki passes HTML 4 entities through as entities but anything else (including HTML5 entities) are &ersand; escaped.
An entity resolver may use either identifier for locating the referenced external entity. No internal subset has been indicated in this example or the next ones. The root element is declared to be html and, therefore, it is the first tag to be opened after the end of the doctype declaration in this example and the next ones, too. The HTML tag ...