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The common flexor sheath of hand or the ulnar bursa [1] is a synovial sheath in the carpal tunnel of the human hand. It contains tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis and the flexor digitorum profundus , but not the flexor pollicis longus .
A synovial sheath is one of the two membranes of a tendon sheath which covers a tendon. The other membrane is the outer fibrous tendon sheath. [1] The tendon invaginates the synovial sheath from one side so that the tendon is suspended from the membrane by the mesotendon, through which the blood vessels reach the tendon, in places where the range of movement is extensive.
A tendon sheath is a layer of synovial membrane around a tendon. [1] It permits the tendon to stretch [2] and not adhere to the surrounding fascia. It contains a lubricating fluid (synovial fluid) that allows for smooth motions of the tendon during muscle contraction and joint movements. [3] It has two layers: synovial sheath; fibrous tendon sheath
Infectious tenosynovitis is the infection of closed synovial sheaths in the flexor tendons of the fingers. It is usually caused by trauma, but bacteria can spread from other sites of the body. Although tenosynovitis usually affects the flexor tendon of the fingers, the disease can also affect the extensor tendons occasionally. [5]
On the palmar side of the joint axis of motion, lies the oblique retinacular ligament [of Landsmeer], which stretches from the flexor sheath over the proximal phalanx to the terminal extensor tendon. In extension, the oblique ligament prevents passive DIP flexion and PIP hyperextension by tightening and pulling the terminal extensor tendon ...
The vincula brevia (short), which are two in number in each finger, and consist of triangular bands of fibers, one connecting the tendon of the flexor digitorum superficialis to the front of the first interphalangeal joint and head of the first phalanx, and the other the tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus to the front of the second ...
As the tendons travel over the posterior (back) aspect of the wrist they are enclosed within synovial tendon sheaths. These sheaths reduce the friction to the extensor tendons as they traverse the compartments that are formed by the attachments of the extensor retinaculum to the distal (far end) of the radius and ulna.
In human anatomy, the annular ligaments of the fingers, often referred to as A pulleys, are the annular part of the fibrous sheathes of the fingers.Four or five such annular pulleys, together with three cruciate pulleys, form a fibro-osseous tunnel on the palmar aspect of the hand through which passes the deep and superficial flexor tendons.