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The Oppidum of Manching (German: Oppidum von Manching) was a large Celtic proto-urban or city-like settlement at modern-day Manching, near Ingolstadt, in Bavaria, Germany. The Iron Age town (or oppidum ) was founded in the 3rd century BC and existed until c. 50-30 BC.
An exception to that is the oppidum of Brenodurum at Bern, which was confirmed by an archaeological discovery. [14]: 13 In archaeology and prehistory, the term oppida now refers to a category of settlement; it was first used in that sense by Paul Reinecke, Joseph Déchelette and Wolfgang Dehn in reference to Bibracte, Manching, and Závist.
For example, it has on permanent exhibit Mesolithic finds from Speckberg, near Eichstätt, artifacts from the Celtic oppidum of Manching and parts of a Roman bath found in the Tegelberg settlement near Schwangau, and in addition the bog body of a 20-year-old girl dating to the 16th century and models of dugouts from various periods.
Glauberg oppidum, main entrance gate (reconstruction), c. 500 BC. Glauberg oppidum, reconstruction. The earliest known fortifications might be pre-Celtic, but they reached a high point in terms of size and elaboration around the 6th or 5th century BC. They remained in use until the 2nd or 1st century BC.
A gold-and-bronze model of an oak tree (3rd century BCE) found at the Oppidum of Manching. Sculptures from Roquepertuse , a sanctuary in the south of France The silver Gundestrup cauldron (2nd or 1st century BCE), found ritually broken in a peat bog near Gundestrup, Denmark , but probably made near the Black Sea , perhaps in Thrace .
Manching is a municipality in the district of Pfaffenhofen, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated on the river Paar , 7 km southeast of Ingolstadt . In the late Iron Age , there was a Celtic settlement, the Oppidum of Manching , on the location of present-day Manching.
By contrast to Manching, only a fraction of the walled area likely was occupied by buildings. The oppidum's location at the two rivers and between Manching, Berching, and other settlements farther downstream on the Danube, together with the ample supply of wood and iron, likely were the basis for its existence. [1]: 394
The construction method is also known as "Kelheim-style", named after the extensive ramparts at the oppidum of Kelheim. At the oppidum of Manching, an earlier murus gallicus rampart was rebuilt in Pfostenschlitzmauer style.