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ATP is quantified by measuring the light produced through its reaction with the naturally occurring firefly enzyme luciferase using a luminometer. The amount of light produced is directly proportional to the amount of ATP present in the sample. ATP tests can be used to: Control biological treatment reactors; Guide biocide dosing programs
The Microtox Model 500 is a laboratory-based photometer that measures acute toxicity.This analyser is a temperature-controlled, self-calibrating biosensor measuring system that uses the bioluminescence of Allivibrio fischeri to determine the toxicity of contaminated water, or elutriates of contaminated soils and sediments.
Firefly luciferase is the light-emitting enzyme responsible for the bioluminescence of fireflies and click beetles. The enzyme catalyses the oxidation of firefly luciferin, requiring oxygen and ATP. Because of the requirement of ATP, firefly luciferases have been used extensively in biotechnology.
Luciferase is a generic term for the class of oxidative enzymes that produce bioluminescence, and is usually distinguished from a photoprotein.The name was first used by Raphaël Dubois who invented the words luciferin and luciferase, for the substrate and enzyme, respectively. [1]
Imaging of engineered E. coli Nissle 1917 in the mouse gut. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a technology developed over the past decades (1990's and onward). [1] [2] [3] [when?] that allows for the noninvasive study of ongoing biological processes [4] [1] [5] [6] [7] Recently, bioluminescence tomography (BLT) has become possible and several systems have become commercially available.
Bioluminescence is the emission of light during a chemiluminescence reaction by living organisms. [1] Bioluminescence occurs in diverse organisms ranging from marine vertebrates and invertebrates , as well as in some fungi , microorganisms including some bioluminescent bacteria , dinoflagellates and terrestrial arthropods such as fireflies .
A standard example of chemiluminescence in the laboratory setting is the luminol test. Here, blood is indicated by luminescence upon contact with iron in hemoglobin. When chemiluminescence takes place in living organisms, the phenomenon is called bioluminescence. A light stick emits light by chemiluminescence.
Anthony Keith Campbell FLS, FLSW, CBE [1] (born 30 April 1945) is a British biochemist and honorary Professor [2] based in the School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences at Cardiff University in Wales. He is a specialist in intracellular signalling, particularly calcium [3] [4] [5] and bioluminescence. [6]